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目的研究白银市职业卫生工作现状,探索建立适合白银市经济发展和保障职业人群健康的职业卫生管理模式,并为其他资源型城市提供可借鉴的职业卫生管理经验。方法通过横断面调查、回顾性分析等流行病学研究方法,对白银市职业卫生工作现状进行分析。结果白银市在资源转型期职业病危害不断加重,尘肺及急慢性职业病不断增加,各工业企业职业卫生管理机构、制度不健全,不完善,工业企业职工职业健康检查覆盖率较低,职业病防治措施不到位,劳动者自我保护意识不强。结论通过对白银市职业卫生工作现状进行系统分析后,提出了建立以政府组织、部门协调、用人单位负责的职业卫生服务体系、健康教育体系、职业病监测预警体系、职业中毒应急体系、职业病防治信息网络体系及职业卫生监督体系模式,建议实行政府绩效考核、基本职业卫生服务、规范化监督管理的职业卫生管理运行机制,为各级政府进一步加强职业病防治工作提供科学依据。
Objective To study the current status of occupational health in Baiyin City and to explore the establishment of occupational health management mode suitable for the economic development of Baiyin City and ensuring the health of occupational groups and to provide other resource-based cities with experience in occupational health management. Methods By means of cross-sectional survey and retrospective analysis of epidemiological methods, the status quo of occupational health in Baiyin City was analyzed. As a result, Baiyin City continued to suffer from occupational hazards in the transformation of resources and the number of pneumoconiosis and acute and chronic occupational diseases was continuously increasing. Occupational health management institutions and systems in various industrial enterprises were not perfect and imperfect. The occupational health examination coverage rate of industrial enterprises was low, In place, laborers are not self-protective. Conclusion After systematically analyzing the status quo of occupational health in Baiyin City, the paper proposes to set up occupational health service system, health education system, occupational disease monitoring and early warning system, emergency system of occupational poisoning, occupational disease prevention and control information with government organizations, departmental coordination and employing units as responsibility Network system and occupational health supervision system model, it is suggested that the implementation of government performance appraisal, basic occupational health services, standardized supervision and management of occupational health management mechanism for all levels of government to further strengthen prevention and treatment of occupational diseases provide a scientific basis.