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目的：了解一氧化氮合酶（ＮＯＳ）在大鼠胃壁的分布规律。方法：采用ＮＡＤＰＨ－黄递酶（ＮＤＰ）组化法和整装铺片技术对ＮＯＳ在大鼠胃壁的分布进行定量和定位研究。结果：ＮＯＳ广泛分布于大鼠胃壁内，主要定位于肌间神经丛，在粘膜下丛、胃粘膜表面、胃腺及血管壁等处亦有分布。胃肌丛中ＮＯＳ阳性神经元形态基本类似，以圆形和卵圆形为主，但在胃不同区域神经元的分布密度、胞体大小和染色强度存在较大差异。密度分别为胃窦部：６２．１±３７．７个／ｍｍ２；胃体部：４３．４±３１．７个／ｍｍ２；胃底部：３１．６±２７．８个／ｍｍ２；胃底部神经元胞体较大，染色较深；胃窦部神经元大小不等，染色深浅不一；胃体部的则介于二者之间，呈过渡态。一些神经纤维的膨体呈ＮＯＳ阳性反应，它们串在一起形成“串珠”样结构，且多与血管和肌纤维伴行。结论：①一氧化氮（ＮＯ）可能参与对胃的运动、分泌和血液循环的调节。②ＮＯＳ阳性神经元在胃各部肌间神经丛中的分布差异可能与胃的生理功能密切相关。
Objective: To understand the distribution of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in rat stomach. Methods: NADPH-diaphorase (NDP) histochemistry and whole-assembly technique were used to quantify and locate the distribution of NOS in rat stomach. Results: NOS was widely distributed in the rat stomach wall, mainly located in the myenteric plexus, in the submucosal plexus, gastric mucosal surface, gastric glands and vascular wall, etc. also have distribution. The morphology of NOS positive neurons in gastric myenteric plexus was basically similar, with the shape of round and oval, but the distribution density, cell body size and staining intensity of neurons in different regions of the stomach were quite different. The density of gastric antrum: 62.1 ± 37.7 / mm2; gastric body: 43.4 ± 31.7 / mm2; the bottom of the stomach: 31.6 ± 27.8 / mm2; Department of neurons large cell body, deep staining; gastric antrum neurons ranging in size, staining different shades; gastric body is in between the two, was transitional state. Some nerve fiber bulges were NOS-positive reaction, they string together to form a “beaded” -like structure, and more with the blood vessels and muscle fibers accompanying. Conclusion: (1) Nitric oxide (NO) may be involved in the regulation of gastric motility, secretion and blood circulation. ② The distribution of NOS-positive neurons in the myenteric plexus of the stomach may be closely related to the physiological function of the stomach.