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机车车辆运用的强化,轴重的增加和列车运行速度的提高,车辆不停车走行公里和修理间走行公里的增加,都要求提高轮对车轴的强度。鉴于未来铁路机车车辆的工作条件要求车轴轴颈应有250～300兆帕的疲劳极限,即比现在的疲劳强度极限高0.5～1倍,所以寻求进一步提高其强度的途径就是一个重要的课题。这对于实心车轴和空心车轴都是急待解决的。车辆车轴的强度可以用复合表面强化方法来提高,即高频表面淬火和随后的表面塑性变形(滚子滚压)相结合。之所以采用这种方法,是因为可以预期它能得到很高的强度和抗磨性。采用这种方法并没有什么大的困难,因为车轴表面滚子滚压已经在车辆制造
The strengthening of the locomotive and rolling stock, the increase of the axle load and the increase of the train running speed, the increase of the car-free running speed of the vehicle and the increase of the traveling distance of the repair car all require to increase the strength of the wheel-to-axle. In view of the future railway rolling stock working conditions require axle hub should have fatigue limit of 250 to 300 MPa, which is 0.5 to 1 times higher than the current fatigue strength limit, so to seek ways to further enhance its strength is an important issue. This is an urgent need for solid axles and hollow axles. The strength of the axle of a vehicle can be enhanced with a composite surface hardening method, namely a combination of high-frequency surface hardening and subsequent plastic deformation of the surface (roller rolling). This method is used because it can be expected to achieve high strength and abrasion resistance. There is no big difficulty with this method because the rolling of the axle surface roller has been made in the vehicle