无机盐溶于水后和有机物进行氧化、还原、取代等反应,往往须要长时间搅拌使二相充分接触。五十年代虽使用二甲基亚砜、二甲基甲酰胺等非质子性极性溶剂,避免溶剂化效应而加快反应速度,但此类试剂与水混溶,后处理麻烦。七十年代开始先后有季铵盐、季磷盐、王冠醚等新型试剂,催化效率可显著提高,但仍存在着合成复杂,分离困难,价格昂贵等缺点。七十年代末,国外有人开始研究把季铵盐、季磷盐王冠醚接枝在聚苯乙烯树脂或硅胶上,使形成固体三相相转移催化剂(Triphase Phase Transfer Catalyst, Inorganic salt dissolved in water and organic oxidation, reduction, substitution and other reactions, often require a long time to stir the two phase full contact. Although the fifties using aprotic polar solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, to avoid the solvation effect and speed up the reaction rate, but such reagents and water miscible post-processing trouble. Since the seventies, there have been new types of reagents such as quaternary ammonium salts, quaternary phosphonium salts and crown ethers. The catalytic efficiency can be significantly improved, but there are still some shortcomings such as complicated synthesis, difficult separation and expensive price. The late seventies, foreign people began to study the quaternary ammonium salt, quaternary phosphonium crown ether grafted polystyrene resin or silica gel to form a solid three-phase transfer catalyst (Triphase Phase Transfer Catalyst,