[Objective] This study was to explore the growth characteristics and fruit quality of a new bud mutant line, Chuanzao Loquat. [Method] Paraffin section technique combined with field investigation method were adopted to conduct com- parative analysis of shoot histomorphology and phenological phases between two Io- quat varieties, Chuanzao Loquat and Zaozhong 6. [Result] Chuanzao Loquat branched out and unfolded leaves about half to a month earlier than Zaozhong 6; both the flowering and fruiting phases of Chuanzao Loquat were three months earlier than a precocious variety, Zaozhong 6; the proportions of epidermis, cortex parenchyma, vascular tissue and medulla were 3.7%, 14.5%, 15.9% and 65.9%, re- spectively, in spdng shoots of Chuanzao Loquat, and 3.1%, 42.5%, 6.9% and 47.5%, respectively, in Zaozhong 6. [Conclusion] In terms of phenological phases, Chuanzao Loqua is earlier than Zaozhong 6, a currently widely planted precocious variety, and thus is an important germplasm resource of Ioquats.