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虚拟企业特征决定了知识共享的高风险性,知识共享程度作为知识共享风险的标识和信号,表现为知识共享不足与知识过度共享。影响知识共享不足的风险包括知识本身、企业以及文化差异等因素,影响知识过度共享的因素包括信息不对称、机会主义、知识保护意识不强以及知识共享契约不完备等。应该从信任机制、学习机制、激励机制、知识保护机制、风险预警机制与知识技术系统等方面建立风险控制机制,保证虚拟企业知识合理、适度共享。
The characteristics of virtual enterprises determine the high risk of knowledge sharing. Knowledge sharing degree is used as the identification and signal of knowledge sharing risk, which shows the lack of knowledge sharing and over-sharing of knowledge. The factors that affect the insufficient knowledge sharing include the knowledge itself, the enterprise and the cultural differences. The factors affecting the excessive sharing of knowledge include information asymmetry, opportunism, weak knowledge protection and incomplete contract of knowledge sharing. The risk control mechanism should be set up from the aspects of trust mechanism, learning mechanism, incentive mechanism, knowledge protection mechanism, risk early warning mechanism and knowledge technology system to ensure that knowledge of virtual enterprises is reasonable and moderately shared.