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背景:青少年时期是个体性发育到成熟的特殊时期,同时也出现了与性有关的心理反应,心理体验及性行为活动等。目的:调查性生理发育时期在校女生的心理状况,以便为性教育提供科学的依据。设计:分析性研究。单位:一所大学的精神卫生中心(病区)。对象:本研究于2002-09/2003-01在汕头大学精神卫生中心(病区)完成。采用整体抽样的方法,对汕头市大学、高中、初中不同年级的130名女生进行了问卷调查,其中初中43人、高中47人、大学40人。方法:采用自编调查问卷对130名女生进行调查。主要观察指标:性生理发育及其心理卫生状况,对性行为、性道德等有关问题的看法。结果:少女对第二性征不知所措和有不良情绪反应的30人(23.1%),有手淫99人(76.2%),对手淫有不正确看法46人(35.4%),与异性有不正常交往14人(10.1%),受过性骚扰21人(16.2%)。结论:应在学生中开始进行性心理性生理知识的宣传以减少性发育对她们带来的不良心理反应,并进行以童真为主的性道德教育和关注少女受性骚扰问题。
Background: Adolescence is a special period from individual development to maturity. Psychological reactions, psychological experiences and sexual activities related to sex also appear. Objective: To investigate the psychological status of female students during the period of sexual development in order to provide a scientific basis for sex education. Design: Analytical research. Unit: a university mental health center (ward). PARTICIPANTS: This study was performed at Shantou University Mental Health Center (Ward) from September 2002 to January 2003. A total sample of 130 female students from different grades in universities, high schools and junior high schools in Shantou City was surveyed. Among them, there were 43 junior high schools, 47 high schools and 40 universities. Methods: 130 girls were investigated by self-made questionnaire. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Sexual and physical development and their mental health status, opinions on sexual behavior, sexual morality and other related issues. Results: There were 30 girls (23.1%) who had no knowledge about secondary sexual characteristics and had negative emotions, 99 (76.2%) had masturbation, 46 (35.4%) had incorrect opinion about masturbation, 14 were regular contacts (10.1%) and 21 were sexually harassed (16.2%). Conclusions: Propagation of sexual psychophysiological knowledge among students should be started to reduce the adverse psychological reactions to sexual development and conduct sexual moral education mainly based on innocence and pay attention to sexual harassment of teenage girls.