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Objective:To identify the main characteristics of victims of motorcycle accidents in Fars Province,Iran.Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted in Fars Province which has the fourth largest population of all 31 provinces in lran from March 2009 to June 2010.We included data from all 542 recorded cases of fatalities due to motor vehicle accidents.Data were recorded from the forensic medicine registry consisting of demographic and accident-related information.Demographic information consisted of name,age,sex,status of fatal victim (motorcycle driver vs passenger) and educational level.Results:Of the 2 345 autopsy records from the forensic medicine archives,542 (23.1％) gave the cause of death as motor vehicle accidents.Mean age of these victims was (31.4± 16.5) years,and the male to female ratio was 28.Head injury was the most common cause of death in these victims,and overall they tended to have a low level of education.Motorcycle accidents frequently involved younger age groups (15-35 years),and head trauma related with non-use of a helmet was the most common cause of death.Conclusions:Head injury is frequent among victims in the province we studied.This situation may be related to the victims low socioeconomic status and little education regarding traffic laws leading to speeding and disregard of these laws along with their weak enforcement.