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目的了解老年人的日常生活能力与心理健康的相互影响。方法使用日常生活能力量表(ADL)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)等测定289例60岁以上的住院老年人,进行单因素分析及多元逐步回归分析。结果老年人的ADL测定及SCL-90均与年龄相关,SCL-90与ADL、躯体生活自理能力(PSMS)、工具性日常生活能力(IADL)相关(P<0.01);用SCL-90或SCL-90的心理因子做应变量,用ADL的16项指标及年龄做自变量的多元逐步回归分析,有2～5个ADL指标进入了各自回归方程,与做家务、行走、洗衣、吃药等指标呈正相关,与做饭菜、处理钱物、使用车辆、打电话等指标呈负相关;躯体化、恐怖、人际关系敏感进入了影响PSMS、IADL的回归方程,与躯体化、恐怖因子呈正相关,与人际关系敏感呈负相关;焦虑、抑郁进入了影响IADL的回归方程,IADL与抑郁呈正相关,与焦虑呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论IADL较PSMS对心理因子影响明显,躯体化、恐怖、人际关系敏感等心理因子对ADL影响明显。
Objective To understand the interaction between daily living ability and mental health of the elderly. Methods 289 elderly people over the age of 60 were measured by ADL and SCL-90, and univariate analysis and multivariate stepwise regression analysis were performed. Results The elderly ADL and SCL-90 were related to age. SCL-90 was associated with ADL, PSMS and IADL (P <0.01) -90 psychological variables as the dependent variable, with 16 indicators of ADL and age as the independent variable multiple stepwise regression analysis, there are 2 to 5 ADL indicators into their respective regression equation, and do housework, walking, laundry, medicine and so on The indexes were positively correlated and negatively correlated with the indicators such as cooking, handling of money, use of vehicles, calling and so on. Somatization, terror and interpersonal sensitivity came into the regression equation that affected PSMS and IADL, which were positively correlated with somatization and terrorist factors. And negative correlation with interpersonal sensitivity. Anxiety and depression entered the regression equation that affected IADL. IADL was positively correlated with depression and negatively correlated with anxiety (P <0.05). Conclusions IADL has a significant impact on psychological factors compared with PSMS. Psychological factors such as somatization, terror and interpersonal sensitivity have significant effects on ADL.