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目的：探讨新生儿缺血缺氧脑损害的形态学改变及其发病机理。方法：对３９例缺血缺氧新生儿尸体解剖检查病例的大脑海马区锥体细胞进行定量观察，使用ＬｅｉｔｚＴＡＳ－Ｐｌｕｓ图像分析仪测量海马ｈ１和ｈ３段锥体细胞的数密度（Ｎｖ）和形状因子（Ｆ）。结果：测量值分别为０．９７×１０５±０．８４７ｍｍ－３（ｈ１段锥体细胞Ｎｖ），１．０７×１０５±０．７９１ｍｍ－３（ｈ３段锥体细胞Ｎｖ），０．５１１±０．０９７（Ｆ）。与对照组比较差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１）。缺血缺氧新生儿海马区锥体细胞的数密度低于对照组，而形状因子大于对照组。结论：海马区锥体细胞的病变是缺血缺氧性脑损害的形态学基础之一
Objective: To investigate the morphological changes and pathogenesis of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. Methods: The pyramidal cells in the hippocampus of 39 hypoxic-ischemic neonatal autopsy cases were quantitatively observed. The number density (Nv) and shape of hippocampal pyramidal cells were measured by Leitz TAS-Plus image analyzer Factor (F). Results: The measured values were 0.97 × 105 ± 0.847mm-3 (h1 pyramidal cell Nv), 1.07 × 105 ± 0.791mm-3 (h3 pyramidal cell Nv), 0.511 ± 0.097 (F). Compared with the control group, the difference was significant (P <0.01). The number density of pyramidal cells in the hippocampus of hypoxic-ischemic neonates was lower than that of the control group, while the shape factor was greater than that of the control group. Conclusion: The pathological changes of pyramidal cells in hippocampus are the morphological basis of hypoxic-ischemic brain damage