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在激光热成形中工件除了产生期望的弯曲变形外,还会产生非期望变形。尽管在常规热成形中可以不予考虑,但对于成形精度要求较高的工件,这些成形误差不仅会影响工件的装配精度,也会严重影响工件的使用寿命。为了减小成形工件的非期望变形,探讨优化的成形工艺,在分析激光热成形中温度分布与不同位置冷态材料对加热区域约束力变化的基础上,揭示出非期望变形的产生机制,并提出两种新的扫描策略。研究结果表明,选用不同的扫描策略,板材的非期望变形量不同。因此,在实际的工业应用中,需要针对不同的成形要求,选用不同的激光扫描策略,以提高工件的成形精度。
In laser thermoforming, in addition to producing the desired bending deformation, the workpiece also produces undesirable deformations. Although the conventional thermoforming can not be considered, but for the forming precision of the workpiece, these forming errors will not only affect the assembly accuracy of the workpiece, but also seriously affect the service life of the workpiece. In order to reduce the undesired deformation of the shaped workpiece, the optimized forming process is discussed. Based on the analysis of the temperature distribution in the laser thermoforming and the change of the binding force of the cold material in the heating area at different positions, the mechanism of the undesired deformation is revealed. Two new scanning strategies are proposed. The results show that different scanning strategies are adopted, and the amount of non-expected deformation is different. Therefore, in practical industrial applications, different laser scanning strategies should be chosen according to different forming requirements to improve the forming accuracy of the workpiece.