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高功率CO2激光焊接过程中侧吹气体喷嘴位置及角度变化会对光致等离子体的尺寸特征产生影响。本文基于计算流体动力学,建立了二维非稳态模型,计算不同喷嘴位置、喷嘴角度下气体在工件表面产生的压力、水平气体流速和保护气体在整个环境氛围中所占的比率,指出利于抑制等离子体的气体喷嘴位置最佳区间,并设计了基于十字型激光的喷嘴位置快速定位装置。实验结果表明,侧吹气体喷嘴的位置及角度在工业生产中具有很重要的作用,适当的喷嘴位置配合较小的保护气体流量同样可以达到抑制等离子体保证焊接质量的效果,同时可以降低成本,节约资源。
Changes in the position and angle of the side-blown gas nozzle during high-power CO2 laser welding can affect the dimensional characteristics of the photo-induced plasma. Based on computational fluid dynamics, a two-dimensional unsteady model was established to calculate the pressure of gas on the workpiece surface under different nozzle positions and nozzle angles, the velocity of horizontal gas and the ratio of shielding gas in the whole environment, Suppress the optimal range of the gas nozzle position of the plasma, and design a rapid positioning device of the nozzle position based on the cross laser. The experimental results show that the position and angle of the side blowing gas nozzle plays an important role in industrial production. Appropriate nozzle position with a smaller shielding gas flow rate can also achieve the effect of suppressing plasma to ensure welding quality, meanwhile reducing the cost, save resources.