改革开放以来,我国经济已基本实现从单纯生产型向生产经营型的转变。但是,另一转变,即经济从速度、粗放经营型向效益、集约经营型的转变则尚未完成。实现后一转变较之实现前一转变更重要,也更困难。而实现后一转变则以提高经济效益为基础和前提。本文试就提高经济效益与深化改革问题略抒浅见。党的十一届三中全会以来,我国国民经济取得了很大发展,综合经济实力明显增强。然而,高速度并没有带来高效益。近年来经济效益不断下滑,具体表现在:每百元积累新增的国民收入下降;社会产品物耗逐年上升;每吨能耗实现的国民收入在低水平上增 Since the reform and opening up, China’s economy has basically realized its transformation from a simple production model to a production-management model. However, another shift is the unfinished transformation of the economy from speed, extensive management to efficiency and intensive management. It is more important and more difficult to achieve the latter transformation than the previous one. To achieve the latter change is to improve economic efficiency as the basis and premise. This paper tries to improve the economic efficiency and deepen the reform of the issue. Since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party, great progress has been made in our national economy and the overall economic strength has been significantly enhanced. However, high speed did not bring high benefits. In recent years, the economic benefits have been declining continuously, in particular as follows: the national income newly accumulated per hundred yuan has dropped; the material consumption of social products has been rising year by year; the national income per ton of energy consumption has been increased at a low level