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摘要[目的]建立水产品中10种有机磷类农药同时测定的气相色谱分析方法。[方法]采用毛细管柱、FPD检测器测定水产品中毒死蜱等10种有机磷农药残留。[结果]10种有机磷农药的3个水平加标回收率为70.0%~98.0%,6个重复的RSD为1.2%~6.7%。[结论]该方法操作简单省时,具有良好的灵敏度、准确度和精密度,完全能满足实验室农残限量检测需要。
关键词气相色谱;有机磷;残留;水产品
中图分类号S482.2+3文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611(2014)24-08165-02
Determination of 10 kinds of Organophosphorus Pesticide Residues in Aquatic Products by Gas Chromatography
YU Xiakui et al (Experiment Center, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024)
Abstract [Objective] To establish the method of 10 kinds of organophosphorus pesticides in aquatic products by gas chromatography. [Method] Using capillary column, FPD detector, 10 kinds of organic phosphorus pesticide residues in aquatic products were determined. [Result] The 3 levels of 10 kinds of organic phosphorus pesticide recoveries are 70.0%-98.0%, 6 duplicate RSD is 1.2%-6.7%. [Conclusion] The method has the advantages of simple operation and time saving, good sensitivity, accuracy and precision, it can fully satisfy residue limits detection.
Key words Gas chromatography; Organic phosphorus; Residue; Aquatic products
我国是一个农业大国,农药的使用有助于防治病虫害和增加农作物产量。特别是有机磷农药因为它们的高效性、广谱性、半衰期短等优点一直被大量使用[1]。但是不合理使用却对环境造成严重的污染和破坏,还会对人类健康产生不利影响[2-4]。如果水產动物长期生活在含有机磷农药污染的水域、底泥环境里,或持续食用被有机磷农药污染的饲料或食物,体内就有可能积聚有机磷农药残留,尤其是那些稳定性好、不易降解的有机磷农药在水产动物体内积聚富集的程度会更大。
目前实验室常用的水产品中有机磷检测方法是根据《GB/T 5009.20-2003食品中有机磷农药残留量的测定》第三法,采用丙酮、硫酸钠溶液、二氯甲烷等试剂多次相互结合提取,中性氧化铝粉末净化,无水硫酸钠脱水,淋洗,蒸发浓缩,定容等多次反复操作,方法虽然传统经典,但也相对繁琐耗时、试剂毒性、消耗量和环境影响亦较大,且能检指标也很少,效率较低。为此,笔者采用气相色谱法测定了水产品中毒死蜱等10种有机磷农药残留,旨在为水产品的安全生产提供参考。
1材料与方法
1.1材料
3结论
试验结果表明,该方法在显著节约时间和试剂消耗的基础上,完全能够满足日常的水产品中有机磷残留量的检测需要,可为大批量检测水产品中有机磷残留量极大地提高工作效率。
当然,和其他所有农残加标回收类似,添加回收目标物的提取效果与样品中原有目标物的提取效果可能会有差异,因为添加物较原有物通常多附着在样品表层,因而可能相对易提取些。可能需要检测技术人员根据质控实验和经验来进行适当修正[6]。使实际测得结果和样品中真实浓度更为接近。
参考文献
[1] WANG Y H,YU R X,ZHAO X P,et al.Sceptibility of adult Trichogramma nubilale(Hymenoptera:Trichogrammatidae)to selected insecticides with different modes of action[J].Crop Protection,2012,34:76-82.
[2] CRENTSIL K B,AUGUSTINE D,PHILIP O Y,et al.A preliminary assessment of consumer’s exposure to organochlorine pesticides in fruits and vegetables and the potential health risk in Accra Metropolis,Ghana[J].Food Chemistry,2011,128(4):1058-1065.
[3] FEOLA G,RAHN E,BINDER C R.Suitability of pesticide risk indicators for less developed countries:a comparison[J].Agriculture,Ecosystems & Environment,2011,142(3/4):238-245.
[4] PARINYA P,WATTASIT S,TIPPAWAN P,et al.Agricultural pesticide management in Thailand:status and population health risk[J].Environmental Science & Policy,2012,17:72-81.
[5] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局.中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 27404-2008 实验室质量控制规范 食品理化检测 附录F(资料性附录),检测方法确认的技术要求[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.
[6] 余霞奎,王晓娟,汪锐慧.气相色谱法测定土壤中有机氯类农药残留[J].安徽农学通报,2012,18(21):174-175.
关键词气相色谱;有机磷;残留;水产品
中图分类号S482.2+3文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611(2014)24-08165-02
Determination of 10 kinds of Organophosphorus Pesticide Residues in Aquatic Products by Gas Chromatography
YU Xiakui et al (Experiment Center, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024)
Abstract [Objective] To establish the method of 10 kinds of organophosphorus pesticides in aquatic products by gas chromatography. [Method] Using capillary column, FPD detector, 10 kinds of organic phosphorus pesticide residues in aquatic products were determined. [Result] The 3 levels of 10 kinds of organic phosphorus pesticide recoveries are 70.0%-98.0%, 6 duplicate RSD is 1.2%-6.7%. [Conclusion] The method has the advantages of simple operation and time saving, good sensitivity, accuracy and precision, it can fully satisfy residue limits detection.
Key words Gas chromatography; Organic phosphorus; Residue; Aquatic products
我国是一个农业大国,农药的使用有助于防治病虫害和增加农作物产量。特别是有机磷农药因为它们的高效性、广谱性、半衰期短等优点一直被大量使用[1]。但是不合理使用却对环境造成严重的污染和破坏,还会对人类健康产生不利影响[2-4]。如果水產动物长期生活在含有机磷农药污染的水域、底泥环境里,或持续食用被有机磷农药污染的饲料或食物,体内就有可能积聚有机磷农药残留,尤其是那些稳定性好、不易降解的有机磷农药在水产动物体内积聚富集的程度会更大。
目前实验室常用的水产品中有机磷检测方法是根据《GB/T 5009.20-2003食品中有机磷农药残留量的测定》第三法,采用丙酮、硫酸钠溶液、二氯甲烷等试剂多次相互结合提取,中性氧化铝粉末净化,无水硫酸钠脱水,淋洗,蒸发浓缩,定容等多次反复操作,方法虽然传统经典,但也相对繁琐耗时、试剂毒性、消耗量和环境影响亦较大,且能检指标也很少,效率较低。为此,笔者采用气相色谱法测定了水产品中毒死蜱等10种有机磷农药残留,旨在为水产品的安全生产提供参考。
1材料与方法
1.1材料
3结论
试验结果表明,该方法在显著节约时间和试剂消耗的基础上,完全能够满足日常的水产品中有机磷残留量的检测需要,可为大批量检测水产品中有机磷残留量极大地提高工作效率。
当然,和其他所有农残加标回收类似,添加回收目标物的提取效果与样品中原有目标物的提取效果可能会有差异,因为添加物较原有物通常多附着在样品表层,因而可能相对易提取些。可能需要检测技术人员根据质控实验和经验来进行适当修正[6]。使实际测得结果和样品中真实浓度更为接近。
参考文献
[1] WANG Y H,YU R X,ZHAO X P,et al.Sceptibility of adult Trichogramma nubilale(Hymenoptera:Trichogrammatidae)to selected insecticides with different modes of action[J].Crop Protection,2012,34:76-82.
[2] CRENTSIL K B,AUGUSTINE D,PHILIP O Y,et al.A preliminary assessment of consumer’s exposure to organochlorine pesticides in fruits and vegetables and the potential health risk in Accra Metropolis,Ghana[J].Food Chemistry,2011,128(4):1058-1065.
[3] FEOLA G,RAHN E,BINDER C R.Suitability of pesticide risk indicators for less developed countries:a comparison[J].Agriculture,Ecosystems & Environment,2011,142(3/4):238-245.
[4] PARINYA P,WATTASIT S,TIPPAWAN P,et al.Agricultural pesticide management in Thailand:status and population health risk[J].Environmental Science & Policy,2012,17:72-81.
[5] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局.中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 27404-2008 实验室质量控制规范 食品理化检测 附录F(资料性附录),检测方法确认的技术要求[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.
[6] 余霞奎,王晓娟,汪锐慧.气相色谱法测定土壤中有机氯类农药残留[J].安徽农学通报,2012,18(21):174-175.