沙皇俄国,一个传统意义上的欧洲国家,伴随着其向东侵略的步伐,于17世纪开始与中国接壤。此时处于东亚传统封闭朝贡体制下的中国开始被动地与这个西方外来户进行政治、军事、经济、文化等一系列的交往活动。沙俄的东侵,对中国传统的边疆问题、民族问题、外交思想、对外贸易等领域产生了强烈的冲击。 Tsarist Russia, a traditional European nation, started its aggression with China in the 17th century with its aggression toward the east. At this time, China, which is under the traditional closed tribute system in East Asia, began to conduct a series of reciprocal political, military, economic and cultural exchanges with this western foreign household. The eastward aggression of tsarist Russia had a powerful impact on the traditional border areas, ethnic issues, diplomatic thoughts and foreign trade in China.