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为了分析坡度对坡面产汇流和溶质运移的影响,以室内土槽为平台,采用人工模拟降雨实验,研究了坡度为5°,10°和15°,雨强为30,60和120mm/h条件下植被坡地的入渗总量、坡面流流速、地面径流以及地面径流中Br-,NH4+和NO3-的浓度变化。结果表明,在其它影响因素相同的情况下,随着坡度的增大,坡面平均流速增大,地面径流总量增加,入渗总量减少、地面径流初始产流时间和径流终止时间均呈减小趋势,地面径流中Br-浓度变化不大,变化曲线几乎重合,NH4+浓度总体上呈递减趋势,且随着降雨强度的增大,这种递减趋势越显著,NO3-的规律性不明显。用幂函数关系可较好地拟合出坡面平均流速与坡度的关系。
In order to analyze the effect of slope on runoff yield and solute transport, the indoor soil trough was used as a platform to simulate the rainfall of 30 °, 60 °, 120 °, h, the total amount of infiltration, the velocity of slope flow, the surface runoff and the concentrations of Br-, NH4 + and NO3- in the surface runoff. The results showed that under the same conditions of other factors, with the increase of slope, the average velocity of slope increased, the total amount of surface runoff increased, and the total amount of infiltration decreased. The initial runoff and runoff time of surface runoff were all The trend of decreasing trend was that the concentration of Br- in ground runoff did not change much, the change curves almost coincided, NH4 + concentration showed a decreasing trend overall, and with the increase of rainfall intensity, the decreasing trend was more obvious and the regularity of NO3- was not obvious . The relationship between power flow and slope can be well fitted by the power function.