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目的分析2014-2015年广州地区发热呼吸道感染患者中人呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)和人博卡病毒(HBoV)的流行特征。方法采集2014年1月至2015年12月期间广州地区11家哨点医院符合条件的发热呼吸道感染患者的鼻咽拭子标本,采用Real-time PCR的方法对RSV和HBoV进行核酸检测,结合患者的临床资料,分析病毒感染的人口学特征、病例类型、年龄、时间等分布特点,对RSV或HBoV阳性标本同时检测其它7种常见呼吸道病毒以了解混合感染情况。结果 2014-2015年间共收集2 146份鼻咽拭子标本,其中RSV阳性标本223例,HBoV阳性标本22例,检出率分别为10.39%和1.03%;RSV住院病例检出率明显高于门急诊病例,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=41.868,P<0.05);HBoV住院病例与门急诊病例检出率无差异(χ~2=1.379,P>0.05);RSV检出率男性大于女性,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=5.855,P<0.05);HBoV检出率男女之间差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.109,P>0.05);RSV和HBoV的检出均与年龄有关,检出率最高的年龄组分别为1岁以下婴幼儿和2岁的婴幼儿。RSV的感染高峰在1-4月,HBoV在8月和11月检出率较高。RSV阳性病例中混合感染47例,混合感染率为21.08%,其中双重感染44例,三重感染3例,鼻病毒是最常见的混合感染病毒。HBoV阳性病例中混合感染11例,混合感染率为50.00%,其中10例为双重感染,1例为三重感染。结论 2014-2015年广州地区RSV和HBoV均以感染婴幼儿为主。RSV的流行高峰在1-4月,鼻病毒是最常见的混合感染病毒;HBoV为全年分布不均,8月和11月检出率较高。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human Bocavirus (HBoV) in patients with pyretic respiratory tract infection in Guangzhou during 2014-2015. Methods Nasopharyngeal swab specimens from eligible sentinel respiratory infections were collected from 11 sentinel hospitals in Guangzhou from January 2014 to December 2015. Real-time PCR was used to detect the nucleic acids of RSV and HBoV. The clinical data were analyzed and the demographic characteristics, case types, age, and time distribution of virus infection were analyzed. The other seven common respiratory viruses were also detected in RSV or HBoV positive specimens to understand the mixed infection. Results A total of 2 146 nasopharyngeal swab specimens were collected during 2014-2015, of which 223 were positive for RSV and 22 were HBoV positive, the detection rates were 10.39% and 1.03% respectively. The detection rate of RSV in hospital was significantly higher than that of door (Χ ~ 2 = 1.379, P> 0.05). The detection rate of RSV in male patients was higher than that in emergency patients (χ ~ 2 = 41.868, P <0.05) (Χ ~ 2 = 5.855, P <0.05). The detection rate of HBoV was no significant difference between men and women (χ ~ 2 = 0.109, P> 0.05) Age-related, the highest detection rate of the age group were infants under 1 year old and 2-year-old infants. The peak of RSV infection in January-April, HBoV in August and November, a higher detection rate. In the RSV positive cases, 47 cases were mixed with infection, the mixed infection rate was 21.08%, including 44 cases of double infection and 3 cases of triple infection. Rhinovirus was the most common mixed virus. In HBoV positive cases, 11 cases were mixed and the mixed infection rate was 50.00%, of which 10 cases were double infection and 1 case was triple infection. Conclusion In 2014-2015, both RSV and HBoV in Guangzhou were mainly infants and children. The peak of RSV peaked from January to April. Rhinovirus was the most common mixed virus. HBoV was unevenly distributed throughout the year, with a higher detection rate in August and November.