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数字革命正同时给发达国家和发展中国家的劳动力市场带来一场全面变革。理解技术革命,最好从历史观之。19世纪的重大发明,从电力到内燃机,改变了人类生存的基本条件。但对于那些生逢剧变的工人而言,工业化是一段残酷的经历:全都是在拥挤且疾病肆虐的城市中辛苦的劳作。以计算能力、连通性以及数据普及为特征的现代数字革命带来的是苹果手机和互联网,而非拥挤的公寓和霍乱。但正如我们的特别报告所阐明的,这一革命正在以一个多世纪以来所未见的规模扰乱和划分着职场。巨大的财富正在被创造出来,却不需要许多工人;而对于除去少数精英外的所有人来说,工作不再能确保收入的不断增长。
The digital revolution is bringing about a complete revolution in the labor market in both developed and developing countries. Understanding the technological revolution is best viewed from the perspective of history. The great invention of the 19th century, from electricity to internal combustion engines, changed the basic conditions for human existence. However, industrialization is a brutal experience for workers who have experienced cataclysmic changes: all are hard work in crowded and disease-ridden cities. The modern digital revolution, characterized by computing power, connectivity and data popularization, has brought about Apple’s mobile phones and the Internet rather than overcrowded apartments and cholera. However, as our special report illustrates, this revolution is disrupting and delineating the workforce on a scale not seen in more than a century. Huge wealth is being created without the need for many workers, and work can no longer ensure a steady increase in income for all but the few elites.