自力更生为主是我国社会主义建设的根本方针,外贸工作也必须贯彻这一方针。近年来,强调扩大出口,这是正确的,因为出口是偿付进口的手段,同时利用外资的规模也受出口创汇能力的制约。1987年以出口导向为主的沿海地区经济发展战略出台,朝野注目。相形之下,进口问题则未获应有的重视。其实,进口与出口是相辅相成的,进口替代决非单纯追求自给自足,更不意味着限制对外经济交流的扩大。相反,它可以加强出口的物质基础,加快出口商品的升级换代。制订和实施正确的进口替代战略,对搞好治理整顿和增强自力更生的能力都有着重要意义,这至少可从以下三方面来说明: Self-reliance is the basic principle of our country’s socialist construction. Foreign trade must also implement this principle. In recent years, emphasis has been placed on expanding exports, which is correct because exports are the means to reimburse imports, and the scale of the use of foreign capital is also constrained by the ability to export foreign exchange. In 1987, the export-oriented economic development strategy in the coastal areas was introduced, and the government and the public were paying attention. In contrast, the import issue has not received due attention. In fact, imports and exports complement each other. Import substitution is by no means purely self-sufficient, and it does not mean that the expansion of foreign economic exchanges is limited. On the contrary, it can strengthen the material basis of exports and accelerate the upgrading of export commodities. Formulating and implementing the correct import substitution strategy is of great significance to the improvement of the ability to do a good job of rectification and self-reliance, which can be illustrated in at least the following three aspects: