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苏联铁路客运量为40亿人次/年。尽管其它运输方式飞速发展,铁路在客运中仍占主导地位,苏联铁路完成的旅客周转量占国内的45％,占世界的25％。第十一个五年计划期间客运量增长9.3％,近几年增长速度虽下降趋势,这五年平均年增长1.8％。市郊客运稳定增长,近十年共增长12.4％,市郊客运周转量占铁路总周转量的30％。苏联铁路客运收入逐年增长,1985年为3198.9百万卢布。全苏铁路有1032对长途及地区客车,有8750对市郊客车。1985年有180列车扩编为20～24辆。1986年在莫斯科—克里木、高加索方向进行编组为32辆的组合式客车试运行。据算,
Soviet railway passenger traffic is 4 billion passengers / year. Despite the rapid development of other modes of transport, the railway still dominates the passenger transport. The passenger traffic accomplished by the Soviet railway accounts for 45% of the domestic total, accounting for 25% of the world’s total. During the 11th Five-Year Plan period, passenger traffic increased by 9.3%. Although the growth rate has been on a downward trend in recent years, the average annual growth rate in the five years was 1.8%. Passenger transport in the suburbs has been growing steadily, with a total increase of 12.4% over the past ten years. Suburban passenger traffic accounted for 30% of the total railway turnover. Soviet railway passenger transport revenue increased year by year to 3198.9 million rubles in 1985. There are 1032 pairs of long distance and regional buses to the entire Soviet railway and 8750 pairs of suburban buses. In 1985, 180 trains were expanded to 20 to 24 vehicles. In 1986 in Moscow - Crimean, the direction of the Caucasian grouping of 32 modular buses trial operation. It is calculated,