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选择黑龙江凉水国家级自然保护区红松人工林、椴树红松混交林和枫桦红松混交林3种林型,分别采集红松、椴树、枫桦林地上当年凋落的枯叶及其枝条上当年生的鲜叶以及0~10 cm土样,将处理过的4种不同浓度梯度(质量(g)体积(m L)比分别为1∶10、1∶30、1∶50、1∶100)浸提液和灭菌蒸馏水(对照)5种处理共10种类型的溶液等量加入放有经催芽、消毒、冲洗的红松种子的培养皿和栽植有红松幼苗的试验盆内,分别进行发芽和盆栽试验,测定其种子的发芽率、发芽势、胚轴和胚根长度以及苗高、根系总长和干质量等7个指标。结果表明:各林型不同浓度土壤浸提液(椴树红松混交林及枫桦红松混交林1∶100除外)大多抑制红松种子的萌发,种子平均发芽率大小排序依次为对照(47%)>椴树红松混交林(44%)>枫桦红松混交林(42%)>红松人工林(33%);各林型高浓度(1∶10)浸提液对以上7个测定指标均有抑制作用,且红松人工林土壤浸提液对它们的抑制作用最强,分别较对照显著降低55.32%、51.35%、54.07%、55.51%、15.93%、58.01%、35.71%(P<0.05);随着浓度的降低,抑制作用减弱,甚至消失或者转变为促进作用。低浓度(1∶100)椴树枯叶浸提液对除苗高外的其他6个指标的促进作用最强,依次较对照显著提高38.30%、37.84%、31.10%、25.94%、61.34%、21.43%(P<0.05);低浓度(1∶100)椴树鲜叶浸提液对苗高的促进作用最强,较对照显著提高15.13%(P<0.05)。
The results showed that there were three kinds of mixed forest of Korean pine plantation, Korean pine mixed plantation and Korean pine plantation in Liangshui National Nature Reserve of Heilongjiang Province, The fresh leaves and the 0 ~ 10 cm soil samples were taken from the shoots and the four different concentration gradients (mass (g) volume (m L)) were 1:10, 1:30, 1:50 and 1: 100) extract and sterilized distilled water (control) 5 treatments A total of 10 types of solutions were added in equal volumes to petri dishes containing prickly, disinfected, rinsed korean pine seeds and test pots planted with Korean pine seedlings, The germination and pot experiment were carried out respectively. The germination rate, germination potential, hypocotyl and radicle length, seedling height, total root length and dry weight were measured. The results showed that the soil extracts of different concentrations (except Pinus koraiensis mixed forest and Betula platyphylla mixed forest 1: 100) mostly inhibited the seed germination of Pinus koraiensis seeds. The order of germination percentage was 47 (20%)> Linden pine mixed forest (44%)> Betula platyphylla mixed forest (42%)> Pinus koraiensis plantation (33% The results showed that the soil extracts of Pinus koraiensis plantation had the strongest inhibitory effect on them, which were 55.32%, 51.35%, 54.07%, 55.51%, 15.93%, 58.01%, 35.71% (P <0.05). With the decrease of concentration, the inhibitory effect was weakened, even disappeared or changed into the promotion effect. The leaching liquor of lime tree leaves with the lowest concentration (1: 100) had the strongest promotion effect on the other six indexes except seedling height, which were significantly increased by 38.30%, 37.84%, 31.10%, 25.94% and 61.34% 21.43% (P <0.05). The leaching solution of lime leaves at low concentration (1: 100) had the strongest promotion effect on seedling height, significantly increased by 15.13% (P <0.05).