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新时期以来,伴随着改革开放的浪潮,文学批评这块领地也树起了各色各样的旗帜。意识形态领域日渐宽松的学术气氛,为文学批评疏通了滋养自身的各种泉源,形形色色的西方理论思潮也在短短三十年中浓缩并吸收进来,形成了真正“百家争鸣”的局面。而今,所有的理论家都在关注着“如何建设中国自己的文学批评”、“如何建设中国特色的马克思主义文学批评”的问题。社会历史批评是文学批评尤其是马克思主义文学批评最基础最重要的一种批评形态。因此,对新时期社会历史批评的状况作出全面的理性反思无疑是当前无法回避的重大历史课题,这将对当代文学批评及马克思主义文学批评的建设产生深远的影响。
Since the new period, along with the tide of reform and opening up, the territory of literary criticism has also set up various kinds of flags. The increasingly relaxed academic atmosphere in the field of ideology dredged the various sources of nourishment for literary criticism. All kinds of western theoretical currents of thought were also concentrated and absorbed in just three decades, forming a truly “one hundred schools of thought” situation. Nowadays, all theorists are paying attention to the question of how to build China’s own literary criticism and how to build Marxist literary criticism with Chinese characteristics. Social and historical criticism is the most important and critical form of criticism in literary criticism, especially in Marxist literary criticism. Therefore, making a comprehensive and rational reflection on the status of social and historical criticisms in the new era is undoubtedly a major historical issue that can not be avoided at present. This will have a profound impact on the contemporary literary criticism and the construction of Marxist literary criticism.