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在Hoagland完全营养液的沙培条件下,采用15N示踪方法,研究了两个冬油菜品种不同生育期吸收的氮素在体内的分配、转运及损失情况。结果表明(两个品种平均值),83.5%苗期吸收的氮素和66.3%蕾薹期吸收的氮素分布在叶片中;79.1%开花期吸收的氮素分布在叶片和茎中,其中叶片中分布的氮占42.8%;而角果发育期吸收的氮素有42.4%直接分配到角果中,此时角果已成为氮素直接分配的比例最大的器官。苗期、蕾薹期、开花期和角果发育期吸收的氮素从营养器官向生殖器官的转运比例分别为34.4%、44.3%、41.2%和31.7%,单株转运量分别为203.2、325.8、218.0和82.0mg。在籽粒全氮中转运氮占65.1%,其中蕾薹期吸收后转运的氮素所占比例最大,为25.8%,其次是开花期和苗期,分别为16.9%和15.9%,角果发育期比例最小,为6.4%。以上4个生育期吸收的氮素损失比例分别为24.0%、10.5%、11.7%和7.3%,单株损失量分别为141.6、79.2、43.2和16.2mg。
The 15N tracing method was used to study the distribution, transport and loss of nitrogen absorbed by two winter rapeseed cultivars at different growth stages under the sand culture conditions of Hoagland complete nutrient solution. The results showed that the nitrogen absorbed by 83.5% seedling stage and the nitrogen absorbed by 66.3% budding stage were distributed in leaves. The nitrogen absorbed by 79.1% of flowering stage was distributed in leaves and stems, among which the leaves Of the total nitrogen was 42.8%. However, 42.4% of nitrogen absorbed by the pod developmental stage was directly distributed to the pod. At this time, the pod had become the organ with the largest proportion of direct nitrogen distribution. The nitrogen uptake from vegetative organs to reproductive organs at the seedling, budding, flowering and pod developmental stages was 34.4%, 44.3%, 41.2% and 31.7%, respectively, and the translocation per plant was 203.2 and 325.8 , 218.0 and 82.0 mg. Nitrogen accounted for 65.1% of the total nitrogen in the grain, and nitrogen was the most abundant, accounting for 25.8% at the bud stage, followed by flowering and seedling stages, which were 16.9% and 15.9% respectively. The smallest proportion, 6.4%. The nitrogen losses absorbed by the above four growth stages were 24.0%, 10.5%, 11.7% and 7.3% respectively, and the individual losses were 141.6, 79.2, 43.2 and 16.2 mg respectively.