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目的以心率变异性（ｈｅａｒｔｒａｔｅｖａｒｉａｂｉｌｉｔｙ，ＨＲＶ）分析为指标，观察梯度压力刺激肾内感受器对家兔自主神经功能的影响。方法于肾盂内加压刺激肾内机械感受器（ｒｅｎａｌｍｅｃｈａｎｏｒｅｃｅｐｔｏｒｓ，ＲＭ）或夹闭颈总动脉，作ＨＲＶ频域分析。结果在加压观察组（Ａ组，ｎ＝３０）肾盂内加压刺激ＲＭ时，平均动脉压（ｍｅａｎａｒｔｅｒｉａｌｐｒｅｓ－ｓｕｒｅ，ＭＡＰ）和心率（ｈｅａｒｔｒａｔｅ，ＨＲ）均降低（Ｐ＜０．０１）。ＨＲＶ参数指标总变异性（ｔｏｔａｌｖａｒｉａｎｃｅ，ＴＶ），低频成分（ｌｏｗｆｒｅｑｕｅｎｃｙｃｏｍｐｏｎｅｎｔ，ＬＦ），ＬＦ／ＨＦ比值均增大（Ｐ＜０．００１），高频成份（ｈｉｇｈｆｒｅｑｕｅｎｃｙｃｏｍｐｏｎｅｎｔ，ＨＦ）降低（Ｐ＜０．００１）。随压力增加，各组间ＨＲＶ指标变化值差异更为显著（Ｐ＜０．００１），并呈现压力－效应关系；在夹闭颈总动脉组（Ｂ组，ｎ＝８）ＭＡＰ升高（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＨＲ基本不变，ＨＲＶ指标值无明显变化（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论激活肾内感受器对家兔心血管活动呈抑制反应；其ＨＲＶ分析呈交感活动亢进、迷走活动降低为特征的自主神经系统整合功能的改变。
Objective To investigate the effect of gradient pressure on the autonomic nervous system in rabbits by using heart rate variability (HRV) as an indicator. Methods Renal pelvis was used to stimulate the renal mechanoreceptors (RM) or to clamp the common carotid artery for HRV frequency domain analysis. Results Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were decreased in pressure-treated group (group A, n = 30). The total variability (TV), low frequency component (LF), LF / HF ratio (P <0.001) and high frequency component (HF) of HRV parameters decreased ). With the increase of pressure, the difference of HRV index between groups was more significant (P <0.001), and showed a pressure-effect relationship. In the group of common carotid artery (group B, n = 8) <0.01), HR basically unchanged, HRV index no significant change (P> 0.05). Conclusions Activation of renal receptors inhibits cardiovascular activity in rabbits. HRV analysis shows the changes of autonomic nervous system integration characterized by hyperactivity and vagal activity.