论文部分内容阅读
本文主要阐述生态因素对川西北河曲马培育的作用。首先分析川西北河曲马产地的地貌、地形、气候等生态因子的特异性,综述川西北河曲马的生境是:高寒湿润,气候多变,夏秋多雨,冬春干旱,终年有霜,辐射极强,水源丰富,牧草丰茂。第二,论述了特殊生境下河曲马的种质表现,主要有:遗传性强,体质结实;体格高大,体躯宽长;堪耐粗饲,抗逆性强;工作能力高,持久力强。第三,探讨了河曲马种质形成与生境的关系,其中产区的寒冷、高海拔、湿润的气候,特别是产区土壤和植被类型对河曲马种质形成具有重要作用。第四、分析了河曲马在川西北分布的最适宜生态条件是:暖季,月均温6～14℃,极端高气温<23℃,年降水量>600毫米,湿润系数>1.0以上。冷季,最冷月均温>-10℃,极端最低气温-25℃。可适应的气候生态条件为:暖季,月均温20℃,极端最高气温<25℃,年降水量500毫米,湿润系数1.0。冷季,最冷月均温-8～-14℃,极端最低气温-33℃。
This article mainly elaborates the effect of ecological factors on the breeding of Qu horse in the northwest of Sichuan province. First of all, the author analyzed the specificities of the ecological factors such as topography, topography and climate in the producing area of Qujiang in Northwest China. The habitat of Quma in the northwestern Sichuan is summarized as: alpine wetting, changing climate, rainy summer and spring, winter and spring drought, , Rich in water, forage lush. Second, the author discusses the germplasm performance of the river trachoma under special habitat, mainly including: hereditary, strong constitution; tall physique, wide and long body; resistance to roughage and strong resistance; high working ability and long-lasting ability. Thirdly, the relationship between the habitat formation and river germplasm development was discussed. The cold, high altitude and humid climate in the producing areas, especially the soil and vegetation type in the producing areas, played an important role in the germplasm formation of the river. Fourthly, it is analyzed that the most suitable ecological conditions for the distribution of Hequ in northwestern Sichuan are: warm season, monthly average temperature 6-14 ℃, extreme high temperature <23 ℃, annual precipitation> 600 mm and wet coefficient> 1.0. Cold season, the coldest month average temperature> -10 ℃, the extreme minimum temperature of -25 ℃. Adaptable climate and ecological conditions are: warm season, average monthly temperature of 20 ℃, extreme maximum temperature <25 ℃, annual rainfall of 500 mm, the coefficient of 1.0 wet. Cold season, the coldest month average temperature -8 ~ -14 ℃, the extreme minimum temperature of -33 ℃.