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目的观察猪、人脐带间充质干细胞治疗猪急性心肌梗死模型的疗效,对比同种、异种干细胞移植疗效差别。方法无菌条件下分别采集人、猪脐带,分离、培养、扩增间充质干细胞至第6代。采用中华小型猪手术结扎冠状动脉前降支中远1/3处制作急性心肌梗死模型,在梗死区及交界区注射干细胞。动物按照干预手段分为3组(6头/组):人脐带干细胞组(h MSCs)、猪脐带干细胞组(p MSCs)、对照组(生理盐水)。术后即刻及术后6周分别进行核素心肌灌注显像检查。6周后人道处死动物,取标本进行Masson三染色、TUNEL染色和v WF免疫组化染色检测。结果静息放射性核素心肌灌注显像示:两治疗组ΔMDP显著低于对照组(P<0.01),两治疗组之间差异无统计学意义;Masson三染色结果示两治疗组纤维组织面积显著小于对照组(P<0.01),两治疗组之间差异无统计学意义;TUNEL染色结果显示:两治疗组凋亡细胞均显著少于对照组(P<0.01),两治疗组之间差异无统计学意义;v WF免疫组化染色显示:v WF阳性累计光密度值在两移植组显著多于对照组(P<0.01),两组之间差异无统计学意义。结论脐带间充质干细胞治疗猪急性心肌梗死模型,能减少心肌瘢痕形成,促进血管新生,减少心肌细胞凋亡,改善心功能。异种移植并不产生严重的排斥反应,能够取得和同种异体移植相似的治疗效果。
Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of porcine and human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells on acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in pigs and to compare the effects of allogeneic and xenograft stem cell transplantation. Methods Human and porcine umbilical cord were collected under aseptic conditions, respectively. Mesenchymal stem cells were isolated, cultured and expanded to the sixth generation. Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) models were made by ligation of Chinese miniature pigs in the middle and distal 1/3 of the anterior descending coronary artery. Stem cells were injected into the infarct area and the border area. The animals were divided into 3 groups (6 heads / group) according to the intervention: human umbilical cord stem cell group (hMSCs), porcine umbilical cord stem cell group (p MSCs) and control group (normal saline). Radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging was performed immediately after operation and 6 weeks after operation. After 6 weeks, the animals were sacrificed by human beings. Masson’s three-stained specimens, TUNEL staining and v-WF immunohistochemistry were used to detect the specimens. Results Resting radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging showed that ΔMDP in the two treatment groups was significantly lower than that in the control group (P <0.01), and there was no significant difference between the two treatment groups. The results of Masson’s three staining showed that the fibrous tissue area of the two treatment groups was significant (P <0.01). There was no significant difference between the two treatment groups. The results of TUNEL staining showed that the apoptotic cells in both treatment groups were significantly less than those in control group (P <0.01), and there was no significant difference between the two treatment groups Statistical significance; v WF immunohistochemical staining showed: v WF positive cumulative optical density value in the two transplantation group was significantly more than the control group (P <0.01), the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant. Conclusion Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells treatment of acute myocardial infarction model in pigs can reduce myocardial scar formation, promote angiogenesis, reduce cardiomyocyte apoptosis and improve cardiac function. Xenografts do not produce severe rejection and can achieve similar therapeutic effects as allografts.