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采用溶液流延法制备了埃洛石纳米管(HNTs)/聚乙烯醇(PVA)-淀粉复合膜,并利用SEM、XRD、DMA、TGA等分析测试手段研究了该复合膜的结构与性能。结果表明:随着HNTs含量增加,HNTs/PVA-淀粉复合膜的力学性能、热稳定性、耐水性能和紫外屏蔽性能均有提高。当HNTs与PVA-淀粉质量比为10%时,力学性能达到最佳,拉伸强度提高了22%。扫描电镜分析表明:HNTs能够以纳米尺度均匀分散于HNTs/PVA-淀粉复合膜中,且以单管状分布,与PVA-淀粉基体界面结合较好;动态力学性能分析表明:HNTs的加入对HNTs/PVA-淀粉复合膜的玻璃化转变温度影响不大,复合膜的储能模量升高,力学损耗下降。透光率测试表明:HNTs对HNTs/PVA-淀粉复合膜的透明性影响不大,而在紫外光区域(200~400nm),透光率随HNTs量的增加而下降。
HNTs / PVA-starch composite films were prepared by solution casting method. The structures and properties of the composite films were investigated by SEM, XRD, DMA and TGA. The results showed that with the increase of HNTs content, the mechanical properties, thermal stability, water resistance and UV shielding properties of HNTs / PVA-starch composite films all increased. When the mass ratio of HNTs to PVA-starch is 10%, the mechanical properties are best, and the tensile strength is increased by 22%. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that HNTs could be uniformly dispersed in the HNTs / PVA-starch composite membrane at the nanometer scale and distributed in a single tube with good bonding with the PVA-starch matrix interface. Dynamic mechanical properties analysis showed that the HNTs added HNTs / PVA-starch composite film has little effect on the glass transition temperature, the composite film has a higher storage modulus and a lower mechanical loss. The light transmittance test showed that HNTs had little effect on the transparency of HNTs / PVA-starch composite films, while the transmittance decreased with the increase of HNTs in the ultraviolet region (200-400nm).