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(一)病因:发生肺栓塞的原因是由于静脉血流中的游动栓子堵塞肺动脉血管和肺动脉系统血栓形成所致。栓子来源见于静脉血栓形成、血栓性静脉炎、长期卧床、静脉郁血、手术、损伤、分娩、引产、出血、心力衰竭、心房纤颤、心肌梗塞、心瓣膜病、心肌病、细菌性心内膜炎、空气、脂肪、癌细胞、寄生虫、羊水及染感性栓子等。肺动脉血栓形成见于慢性肺部炎变、肺气肿、肺心病、缺氧、高碳酸血症、肺循环障碍、呼吸衰竭及肺动脉硬化等。此外,严重脱水、肥胖、活动过少、贫血、白血病、先天性第Ⅶ因子缺乏、真性红细胞
(A) cause: The occurrence of pulmonary embolism is due to venous flow in the embolic plug blocking the pulmonary artery and pulmonary artery thrombosis. The sources of emboli are found in venous thrombosis, thrombophlebitis, prolonged bed rest, venous depression, surgery, injury, childbirth, induced abortion, bleeding, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, myocardial infarction, valvular heart disease, cardiomyopathy, bacterial heart Endometritis, air, fat, cancer cells, parasites, amniotic fluid and inflammatory embolism. Pulmonary thrombosis seen in chronic lung inflammation, emphysema, pulmonary heart disease, hypoxia, hypercapnia, pulmonary circulatory disorders, respiratory failure and pulmonary atherosclerosis. In addition, severe dehydration, obesity, hypopnoea, anemia, leukemia, congenital deficiency of factor VII, true red blood cells