论文部分内容阅读
目的了解广州某区18～69岁居民的吸烟状况,探讨吸烟与慢性疾病的关系,为干预措施提供依据。方法采取整群抽样的方法,抽取区内2条行政街道,每条行政街道随机抽取3个居委会,每个居委会随机抽取95户居民,每户居民抽取1名成员,对其进行现场和入户的问卷调查。结果(1)人群吸烟率为26.5%,现吸烟率为19.8%。男性吸烟率和现吸烟率均显著高于女性(P<0.05),男性不同年龄组及不同职业、文化程度、家庭收入人群吸烟率有显著性差异;男性不同年龄组及不同婚姻状况、职业现吸烟率有显著性差异(P<0.05)。(2)50%的居民吸烟开始年龄为17～23岁。(3)烟龄和近来每周吸烟量呈正相关关系,计算平均每周吸烟量与烟龄之间的回归方程为:平均每周吸烟量(支数)=43.863+2.197×烟龄(年)。结论吸烟成瘾性、危害性大,控烟措施应该既要广泛宣传又要抓住重点人群,控烟问题任重道远。
Objective To understand the smoking status of residents from 18 to 69 years old in a district of Guangzhou and to explore the relationship between smoking and chronic diseases and provide the basis for intervention measures. Methods A cluster sampling method was adopted. Two administrative streets in the district were sampled. Three neighborhoods were randomly selected from each administrative street, and 95 residents were randomly selected from each neighborhood committee. One resident from each household selected one member for on-site and in-home Questionnaire. Results (1) The population smoking rate was 26.5%, the current smoking rate was 19.8%. Male smoking rates and current smoking rates were significantly higher than those of women (P <0.05). There were significant differences in smoking prevalence among men of different age groups and in different occupations, educational levels and family income. Men of different age groups and marital status, occupational status Smoking rates were significantly different (P <0.05). (2) 50% of residents smoking start the age of 17 to 23 years old. (3) There was a positive correlation between the smoking age and the recent weekly smoking amount. The regression equation between the average weekly smoking amount and smoking age was as follows: average weekly smoking amount (count) = 43.863 + 2.197 × smoking age (years) . Conclusion Smoking addiction, harmfulness, tobacco control measures should not only be widely publicized but also to seize the key populations, tobacco control long way to go.