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在农村每月进行计划免疫时给新生儿接种乙型肝炎血源疫苗,剂量为10μg×3,程序为0、1、6个月,首剂免疫时间(以此为0月计算)平均在出生后1.5±1.2个月。全程接种率达92.9％。免疫儿童长到12～48月龄时HBsAg阳性率由原来的15.1％降至2.0％,保护率为86.8％。血清抗-HBs阳性率从免疫前地区本底对照的27.7％上升到87.3％,增加2.2倍。在免疫屏障的保护下,同龄未免儿童的HBsAg阳性率和HBV感染率分别下降到4.9％和16.0％,比免疫前地区本底对照低67.5％和70.4％。本研究结果表明,3针10μg乙肝疫苗于新生儿出生后1～3个月内接种仍能有效地降低HBsAg携带率,即使完全忽略了HBsAg阳性母亲的围产期传播。但必须达到很高的全程接种率。
Hepatitis B vaccine was administered to newborns at a planned monthly immunization schedule at a dose of 10 μg × 3 for 0, 1, and 6 months. The first immunization time (calculated as 0 months) was on average at birth After 1.5 ± 1.2 months. The entire vaccination rate of 92.9%. Immunization of children grow up to 12 to 48 months of age HBsAg positive rate from 15.1% to 2.0%, the protection rate was 86.8%. The positive rate of serum anti-HBs increased from 27.7% to 87.3% in the pre-immune area background control, an increase of 2.2 times. Under the protection of immune barrier, the HBsAg positive rate and HBV infection rate of unwise children in the same age decreased to 4.9% and 16.0% respectively, which was 67.5% and 70.4% lower than that of the control before immunization. The results of this study show that vaccination with 3 doses of 10 μg hepatitis B vaccine within one to three months after birth can effectively reduce the HBsAg carrier rate, even though the perinatal transmission of HBsAg-positive mothers is completely neglected. But must reach a very high full vaccination rate.