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光电系统的探测能力主要受探测天域的亮度、光电设备和探测器本身性能的影响,而探测能力主要是以信噪比来衡量。在综合了上述影响因素基础上,引入目标成像像元数N,给出了探测信噪比的理论公式;分析了背景亮度、系统参量以及像点弥散对探测能力的影响;结合实际情况,给出了目标过境时段的目标探测情况分析,理论分析得到目标在仰角30°左右可以观测,理论分析结果与实验观测基本一致。因此,该理论公式可以定量了解不同天空背景亮度、系统设计参量、各种因素引起的像点弥散对系统探测能力影响的大小,并为系统优化设计与实际工作开展提供一定的科学依据。
The detection capability of the photoelectric system is mainly affected by the brightness of the detecting sky, the photoelectric device and the performance of the detector itself, and the detection capability is mainly measured by the signal-to-noise ratio. Based on the above factors, a theoretical formula of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is introduced, and the influence of background brightness, system parameters and image point dispersion on detection capability is analyzed. According to the actual situation, Based on the analysis of the target detection situation during the target transit time, the theoretical analysis shows that the target can be observed at an elevation angle of about 30 °. The theoretical analysis results are in good agreement with the experimental observations. Therefore, the theoretical formula can quantitatively understand the influence of different background brightness, system design parameters and various factors on the detection capability of the system, and provide some scientific basis for system optimization design and practical work.