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金针菇生长发育都需要较低温度,常规生产为求稳妥,一般是在自然气温降至25℃以下时开始生产,从母种、原种、栽培种到菌丝长满袋,至少要3个月,出菇时实际上已错过了一段适宜出菇期。怎样缩短培菌期,充分利用低温资源生产金针菇提前上市?这是栽培者普遍关心的问题。现将我们的经验总结如下: (一)早制母种置冰箱越夏 每年4～5月扩制试管种,试管种的数量是下半年所需原种瓶数的3倍。培养后置冰箱里越夏。据观察,金针菇菌种比其他菌种更适于冰箱保存,下半年取出直接制原种不影响活力。放冰箱前要用地膜包棉塞,以防斜面失水干枯。实践表明,只要在转管时注意优选,不会影响种性。 (二)选荫凉场所制作原种 8月下旬夏季酷热已过,但室外太阳辐射仍很强烈,气温30℃左右,而夜间气温已较低。可选荫凉场所制原种,数量是所需原种瓶数的2倍。选场时应选避西晒、有树荫的房间,土墙房更好,并进行彻底消毒。配料时,糖的用量增至4％,含水量70％。装瓶要松,料中不打孔。高压灭菌,接种箱内接种。将试管从冰箱中取出,优选出2/3。接种时取斜面中下部活力强的菌丝,1支试管接1瓶原种。接种
The growth of Flammulina velutipes need lower temperatures, conventional production for the sake of stability, usually in the natural temperature dropped to below 25 ℃ production, from mother, original species, cultivated species mycelium covered with bags, at least 3 months , Fruiting has actually missed a period suitable for fruiting period. How to shorten the training period, make full use of low-temperature resources to produce mushrooms in advance market? This is cultivated people are generally concerned about the problem. Now we sum up the experience are as follows: (a) early mother to set the refrigerator in summer each year from April to May to expand the test tube species, the number of test tube seed required in the second half of the number of bottles of 3 times. Cultivate post-summer in the refrigerator. It has been observed that Flammulina velutipes strains are more suitable for refrigerator preservation than other strains. In the second half of the year, direct crude stockings were removed without affecting their vitality. Use plastic wrap tampons before the refrigerator, to prevent dry slope dehydration. Practice shows that, as long as attention to the preferred transfer tube will not affect the species. (B) selection of shade production of original species Summer heat in late August has passed, but the outdoor solar radiation is still very strong, the temperature is about 30 ℃, while the temperature has been lower at night. Optional shade places original species, the number is the original number of bottles required 2 times. Choose the field should choose to avoid the West sun, shady room, wall house is better, and thoroughly disinfected. Ingredients, the amount of sugar increased to 4%, 70% moisture content. Bottled to loose, the material does not punch. Autoclave, vaccination inoculation. Remove the tube from the refrigerator, preferably 2/3. Inoculation take the middle of the lower bevel vigor of mycelium, a test tube connected to a bottle of original species. Inoculation