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如果拿普通话音系和代表中古时期的《广韵》音系进行比较,最引人注目的变化莫过于入声字读音的演变。入声字的读音表现了两个方面的特点:一是韵母方面,它带有与阴声韵、阳声韵不同的韵尾;另一是声调方面,它有别于平、上、去等调类而自成一个特殊的调类。这两方面的表现虽有不同,但却紧密地联系在一起。入声调是以入声韵为其主要表征的,入声这个调类的消失或变化,势必带来入声韵的消失或变化。而入声韵变化了,入声这个调类可能还存在,因为人声不一定都在韵母上带有特殊的韵尾,它可以是一个“短调”或与平、上、去声相异的另一个调类,只不过这种情形比较少见而已。通常的情况是入声调与入声韵有着同步的发展和变化。由于入声字读音的演变牵涉到韵和调两个方面的问题,所以应该从这两个方面来论述入声字读音的发展和演变。
If you compare Mandarin dialects with the “Guangyun” phonology that represents the Middle Ages, the most noticeable change is the evolution of phonics. Into the voice of the pronunciation of the performance of the two aspects of the characteristics: First, the vowels, it is with the rhyme, rhyme rhyme rhyming different; the other is the tone, it is different from the flat, on, to tone and other classes Since a special tune class. Although these two aspects of performance are different, but closely linked. Into the tone is based on rhyme as its main characterization, into the tone of this disappear or change, is bound to bring into the rhyme disappears or changes. And into the rhyme changes, the tone of this tune may still exist, because the vocal consonants are not necessarily all with a special ending, it can be a “short tone ” or with the flat, Another tune, but this situation is relatively rare only. The usual situation is into the tone and into the rhyme has a synchronized development and changes. As the evolution of phonetic pronunciation involves the two aspects of rhyme and tone, we should discuss the development and evolution of phonetic pronunciation from these two aspects.