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目的分析肾综合征出血热(HFRS)流行特征及强度,鼠形宿主动物密度及种群构成和汉坦病毒(HV)感染等情况。方法利用“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”的丽水市2010—2012年HFRS人间疫情资料进行分析;用夹夜法捕鼠,计算鼠密度及种群构成;无菌操作采取鼠肺,用免疫荧光法检测HV抗原,调查宿主动物HV病毒感染率。结果丽水市2010—2012年共报告HFRS病例209例,死亡2例,年均发病率为3.13/10万。发病季节性显著,呈双峰型。男女性别比2.48∶1;30~69岁占85.17%;农民病例占89.00%。家鼠密度为3.67只/百夹,褐家鼠为优势种;野鼠密度为5.57只/百夹,黑线姬鼠为优势种;鼠形动物HV病毒自然感染率为2.87%。结论丽水市鼠类中存在HV病毒自然感染,HFRS疫情严峻,加强监测和预防性灭鼠是预防HFRS流行的主要措施。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and intensity of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), the density, population composition and the infection of Hantaan virus (HV) in the mouse host. Methods The epidemic data of HFRS from 2010 to 2012 in Lishui City from 2003 to 2012 were analyzed by using China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. The mouse density and population composition were calculated by catching night with the method of catgut nocturnal. The rats were aseptically treated with immunofluorescence HV antigen test method to investigate the host animal HV virus infection rate. Results A total of 209 HFRS cases and 2 deaths were reported in Lishui City from 2010 to 2012 with an annual average incidence of 3.13 per 100 000. Seasonal significant, showing a bimodal type. Male to female ratio of 2.48:1; 30-69 years old accounted for 85.17%; peasant cases accounted for 89.00%. Rattus norvegicus was the dominant species; the density of domestic mice was 3.67 / 100 clip, Rattus norvegicus was the dominant species; the density of wild rodents was 5.57 / 100 clip, the dominant species of Apodemus agrarius was 2.87%. Conclusion There is a natural HV virus infection in rodents in Lishui City, and the epidemic situation of HFRS is severe. Monitoring and prophylactic rodent control are the main measures to prevent the epidemic of HFRS.