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已在5马力柴油机中研究了用含3％(按重量计)分散石墨粒子的AlCu4.5和AlSi12CuNiMg1.5合金制作的连杆小头轴承的运用特性。在相同的运转条件下,将它们与批量生产的铅青铜轴承的特性作了对比。在正常发动机运用条件下进行的标准100小时发动机试验(符合IS1600,1960年)以及在不利润滑条件下进行的50小时试验的结果表明,与铅青铜轴承相比,铝合金石墨轴承显示出:(1)轴承表面的尺寸磨损可减小三分之二;(2)如表面粗糙度测量所示,活塞销表面的划伤显著减少。这些结果已被用相同的合金在销一盘磨损机上进行的试验结果所补充。铝合金石墨轴承的优异性能可归因于在轴承表面上生成了一层富含石墨的减摩层。扫描电子显微镜和X射线光电分光仪已证实了这一层的存在。
The operating characteristics of the connecting rod head bearing made of AlCu4.5 and AlSi12CuNiMg1.5 alloy containing 3% by weight of dispersed graphite particles have been studied in a 5-horsepower diesel engine. In the same operating conditions, they are compared with the characteristics of mass-produced lead bronze bearings. The results of a standard 100-hour engine test (in line with IS1600, 1960) under normal engine operating conditions and a 50-hour test performed under unfavorable lubrication conditions show that the aluminum alloy graphite bearings show ( 1) Two-thirds reduction in bearing surface wear; (2) Significant reduction of scratches on the piston pin surface as measured by surface roughness. These results have been supplemented with the same alloy tested on a pinning machine. The superior performance of aluminum alloy graphite bearings can be attributed to the formation of a layer of graphite-rich anti-friction layer on the bearing surface. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy have confirmed the existence of this layer.