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目的探讨不同大学生的心理健康状况。方法采用分层抽样法,以临床医学、护理学、口腔专业的308名大学生为研究对象,用症状自评量表(SCL—90)分别评定其心理健康水平。结果男生偏执、人际关系因子分高于女生(P<0.05),而女生的躯体化、焦虑、抑郁因子分高于男生(P<0.05);各专业间除躯体化因子分存在差异(P<0.05)外,其他因子均无明显差异(P>0.05);308名大学生中出现较多的心理症状依次为:躯体化(9.1%)、人际关系(6.8%)、抑郁(6.1%)、焦虑(5.5%)、强迫(3.8%)等症状,女生的躯体化、抑郁症状多于男生。结论男、女学生间心理症状存在着不同的特征,躯体化、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、强迫等症状是学生常见的心理症状,躯体化症状可能与大学生的知识结构有关。
Objective To explore the mental health status of different college students. Methods Stratified sampling method was used to study 308 college students in clinical medicine, nursing and oral specialty, and their mental health was evaluated by SCL-90. Results Male boys were more likely to be paranoid than interpersonal ones (P <0.05), while somatization, anxiety and depression were higher in girls than in boys (P <0.05) 0.05). There were no significant differences among other factors (P> 0.05). Among the 308 college students, the most common psychological symptoms were somatization (9.1%), interpersonal relationship (6.8%), depression (5.5%), forced (3.8%) and other symptoms of somatization and depression in girls than boys. Conclusion Psychological symptoms of male and female students have different characteristics. Somatization, interpersonal relationship, depression, anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorder are the common psychological symptoms of students. Somatic symptoms may be related to the knowledge structure of college students.