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目的调查和分析新疆北部边境干旱区主要湿地蚊类多样性沿纬度梯度的分布及与重要环境因素的关系。方法采用CO2灯诱法,对新疆北部边境干旱区5个主要湿地蚊类进行调查取样,测定蚊类的α多样性、β多样性随纬度梯度的变化情况,并应用冗余分析法对气象因子与物种多度之间的关系进行分析。结果共捕获蚊类20 731只,隶属5属16种,刺扰伊蚊占捕获总数的55.98%,是新疆北部干旱区湿地的优势蚊种;由南向北,5个湿地的物种丰富度分别为8、11、5、9和8,Shannon-Weiner多样性指数分别为1.23、1.11、0.24、0.57和0.35,Pielou多样性指数分别为0.59、0.46、0.15、0.26和0.17;相邻湿地间Cody指数分别为5.5、4.0、2.0和2.5;排序分析前4个排序轴特征值分别为0.510、0.256、0.142和0.078,气象因子与物种多度间的相关系数分别为0.999、0.999、0.995和0.996,前4个排序轴蒙特卡洛检验差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论刺扰伊蚊是新疆北部干旱区湿地的优势蚊种,新疆北部干旱区湿地蚊类α多样性、β多样性随纬度升高总体上呈下降趋势、γ多样性变化不明显。排序分析结果显示,降雨量对新疆北部湿地蚊类群落结构和分布影响最为重要,其次是气温和日照时数,说明新疆北部边境干旱区5个主要湿地蚊类多度是多种气象因子综合作用的结果。
Objective To investigate and analyze the distribution of mosquito diversity along the latitudinal gradient and its relationship with important environmental factors in the major wetlands in the northern border of Xinjiang. Methods CO2 lamp induction method was used to sample and survey the five main wetland mosquitoes in the northern border arid region of Xinjiang. The α diversity and β diversity of the mosquitoes were measured with the gradient of latitude. The effects of meteorological factors The relationship between species abundance was analyzed. Results A total of 20 731 mosquitoes were collected, belonging to 5 genera and 16 species. Aedes albopictus accounted for 55.98% of the total catch, which was the dominant mosquito species in the arid wetland in northern Xinjiang. Species richness from south to north and 5 wetlands respectively 8, 11, 5, 9 and 8 respectively. The Shannon-Weiner index was 1.23, 1.11, 0.24, 0.57 and 0.35, respectively. The Pielou diversity index was 0.59, 0.46, 0.15, 0.26 and 0.17 respectively. The indexes of the four ordinal axes before sorting were 0.510,0.256,0.142 and 0.078, respectively. The correlation coefficients between meteorological factors and species abundance were 0.999, 0.999, 0.995 and 0.996 respectively, The first 4 sorting axes Monte Carlo test difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusion Aedes albopictus is the dominant mosquito species in the arid wetland of northern Xinjiang. The mosquito α diversity and β diversity of wetland wetlands in northern Xinjiang generally decrease with the increase of latitude, but the variation of γ diversity is insignificant. The results of ordinal analysis showed that the rainfall was most important to the mosquito community structure and distribution in northern Xinjiang, followed by the air temperature and sunshine duration, indicating that the mosquito abundance of the five main wetlands in the northern border arid region of Xinjiang was a combination of multiple meteorological factors the result of.