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用６个夏大豆品种进行双列杂交试验，估算了主要产量性状的遗传力、配合力效应。结果表明：大豆有效分枝数、每荚粒数、百粒重的狭义遗传力较高，可以进行早代选择；单株荚数、单株产量的狭义遗传力较低，在中高世代进行选择效果较好。大豆产量性状的加性遗传效应都是主要的，并以单株产量表现较大的特殊配合力效应。新品系８５２１２、８４２４０Ｂ１、７７２４９都是高产育种较理想的亲本材料，尤以品系７７２４９育种的效果最佳。
Six summer soybean cultivars were used for double crosses to estimate the heritability and combining ability of main yield traits. The results showed that: the effective branching number of soybean, per pod grain number and hundred kernel weight had the narrow sense of heritability, which could be used for early generation selection. The narrow heritability of pods per plant and yield per plant was low, The effect is better. The additive genetic effects of soybean yield traits were the major ones, and showed the special combining ability effect with single plant yield. The new lines 85212, 84240B1 and 77249 are the ideal parent materials for high-yielding breeding, especially the breeding of strain 77249 is the best.