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我国是一幅员辽阔的国家。山区占全国面积三分之二以上,而岩溶区面积130万平方公里,约占全国面积的七分之一。尤其在南方粤、桂、湘、鄂、赣、滇、黔诸省广布。被第四系松散沉积物覆盖的可溶岩地区称为覆盖型岩溶区。在天然和人为因素影响下,地面严重塌陷。矿山疏干排水在广东马口矿区产生3000多个塌洞;湖南水口山矿产生近千个塌洞。贵州水城盆地抽取地下水也产生好几百个塌洞。造成房屋倒坍、农田、水利、水源、公路、铁路被破坏,矿山淹没等严重危害。因此研究塌陷有重要的现实意义。
Our country is a vast country. Mountainous areas make up more than two thirds of the country’s area, while karst areas cover an area of 1.3 million square kilometers, accounting for about one-seventh of the country’s total area. Especially in the southern Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou provinces widely. Soluble rocks covered by unconsolidated Quaternary sediments are called overburden karsts. Under the influence of natural and man-made factors, the ground collapsed seriously. Dredging and drainage of mines in the mining area in Guangdong have more than 3000 collapse hole; Hunan Shuikoushan mine nearly a thousand collapse hole. Groundwater extraction in Guizhou’s Shuicheng Basin has also resulted in hundreds of collapsing holes. As a result, the houses collapsed, farmlands, water conservancy, water sources, roads and railways were destroyed and mines were inundated. Therefore, research on collapse has important practical significance.