本文认为 ,人对自然界的依赖与掌握表现为人同自然之间的双向适应关系的本质的统一 ,文化是其实现的方式。一方面 ,人要按人的方式实践地和观念地改造外部自然 ,变其为人的物质的和精神的文化的一部分 ;另一方面 ,人要改造自身的自然 ,将自己塑造为社会的文化存在物和文化主体。从基础的意义上说 ,文化的历史是人与自然界之间不断实现双向适应、不断完成本质的统一的过程。自觉地保护适合于人类可持续生存和发展的自然界及其再生能力 ,就是一种具有基础性意义的文化行为和文化建设 This paper argues that man’s dependence on and mastery of nature is the essence of the two-way adaptation between man and nature, and culture is the way of its realization. On the one hand, human beings must practice manually and conceptually the transformation of external nature as part of their material and spiritual culture. On the other hand, people must reform their own nature and shape themselves as the cultural existence of society Material and cultural subjects. In the basic sense, the history of culture is the process of continuously realizing the two-way adaptation between man and nature and continuously completing the essential unification. Consciously protecting the natural world and its regenerative capacity suitable for the sustainable survival and development of mankind is a kind of cultural behavior and cultural construction with fundamental significance