1930年,由中瑞等国科学家组成的西北科学考查团在内蒙古居延地区一次性发掘出土汉简一万余枚。这在当时轰动了整个世界,并把居延汉简与殷墟甲骨、敦煌遗书、故宫内阁大库档案并称为20世纪中国文化史上的四大发现。42年后,中国考古界又在居延地区进行了为期4年的集中考察,共发掘 In 1930, a Northwest Scientific Expedition Corps composed of scientists from China and Switzerland unearthed more than 10,000 pieces of Hanjian paper at one time in the Juyan area of ​​Inner Mongolia. This sensationalized the whole world at that time, and referred to the archives of Juyanjian and the ruins of the bones of the Yin Ruins, Dunhuang, and the Forbidden City Cabinet as the four major discoveries in the history of Chinese culture in the 20th century. Forty-two years later, the Chinese archaeological community conducted another four-year intensive study in the Juyan area