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在国内外的石油开采过程中,有杆抽油设备的电能占油田总能耗的三分之一左右,电费支出惊人,存在着“电能换石油”的说法。造成这种现象的原因很多,主要原因是为了满足抽油机高起动转矩的要求,所以选择的电机和变压器的容量要比实际负荷大得多,存在所谓“大马拉小车”现象,抽油机使用的感应电机负荷率很低(一般只有30%～40%),造成系统效率偏低。如何提高抽油机的系统柔性,以适应目前油田开采状况,提高抽油机系统的适应性、经济性和可靠性,成为采油领域一个关键问题。
At home and abroad in the process of oil exploration, rod pumping equipment, electricity accounted for about one-third of the total energy consumption of the field, electricity billings amazing, there is “electricity for oil ” argument. There are many reasons for this phenomenon, the main reason is to meet the pumping unit high starting torque requirements, so the choice of motor and transformer capacity is much larger than the actual load, there is the so-called “big horse car” phenomenon , Pumping motor used in the induction motor load rate is very low (usually only 30% to 40%), resulting in low system efficiency. How to improve the system flexibility of the pumping unit to adapt to the present oilfield exploitation conditions and improve the adaptability, economy and reliability of the pumping unit system has become a key issue in the oil recovery field.