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目的了解先天性畸形发病情况及其影响因素,探讨畸形发生的原因和预防措施。方法对2003年1月~2012年12月10年间,对长治医学院附属和济医院出生的7987例新生儿中的148例体表先天畸形儿的发病情况及其相关因素进行回顾性分析。结果本组体表先天畸形发生率为1.85%;神经系统先天畸形居首;其次是骨骼系统和颌面五官系统。≥35岁产妇先天畸形儿发生率显著高于<35岁者(P<0.01);农村先天畸形发生率高于城市(P<0.01)。结论应重视先天畸形的防范措施,加强优生宣教,尤其是农村地区,加强孕期畸形儿筛查,特别是高龄孕妇,做到早发现、早处理,以提高产前诊断率,减少出生缺陷。
Objective To understand the incidence of congenital malformations and its influencing factors, explore the causes of deformities and preventive measures. Methods From January 2003 to December 2012, the incidence and related factors of 148 cases of congenital malformations in 7987 newborns born in Changzhi Medical College Affiliated and Jiacheng Hospital were analyzed retrospectively. Results The incidence of congenital malformations in this group was 1.85%. The congenital malformations of the nervous system dominated. The second was the skeletal system and maxillofacial five-organ system. The incidence of congenital malformations was more than 35 years old (P <0.01). The incidence of congenital malformations in rural areas was higher than that of urban areas (P <0.01). Conclusions Should pay attention to the prevention of congenital malformations, to strengthen eugenics mission, especially in rural areas, to strengthen screening abnormalities during pregnancy, especially pregnant women, early detection and early treatment to improve the prenatal diagnosis rate and reduce birth defects.