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目的了解石嘴山市麻疹流行特征,分析麻疹防控策略。方法对2000~2012年麻疹监测数据进行统计分析。结果 2000~2012年石嘴山市麻疹发病呈周期性变化,分别于2005年和2009年出现2个发病高峰,呈周期性特征;麻疹发病率下降,发病率由2000年的6.50/10万,下降到2011年的0.96/10万,2012年为0.00/10万,不同年份发病率的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);不同地区发病率的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。2005年前后麻疹病例年龄构成分布发生变化,发病年龄前移和后移,<8月龄组病例构成比由2005年前的8.55%上升到14.14%,≥20岁组病例构成比由13.10%上升到59.72%;发病月份后移。结论稳固2剂次含麻疹疫苗的高接种率水平以及提高含麻疹疫苗及时接种率;同时考虑对大年龄组高危人群接种麻疹疫苗以及继续加强麻疹监测工作是控制麻疹最经济有效的措施。
Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of measles in Shizuishan and to analyze the measles prevention and control strategies. Methods Statistical analysis of measles surveillance data from 2000 to 2012 was conducted. Results The incidence of measles in Shizuishan City changed periodically from 2000 to 2012, with two peak incidences in 2005 and 2009, respectively. The incidence of measles decreased with the incidence decreasing from 6.50 / 100 000 in 2000 to 0.96 / 100000 in 2011, and 0.00 / 100000 in 2012. There was significant difference in incidence between different years (P <0.01). There was significant difference in incidence between different regions (P <0.01). The age distribution of measles cases changed before and after 2005, the age of onset was shifted forward and backward. The proportion of cases in <8-month-old group increased from 8.55% before 2005 to 14.14%, and the proportion of cases ≥20 years old increased from 13.10% To 59.72%; morbidity month backward. Conclusion It is the most economical and effective measure to control measles when taking measles vaccine at a high level and improving the vaccination rate of measles-containing measles vaccine in two age groups.