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摘要: 以大蓮湖为研究对象, 以大莲湖周边水体的水文、水质的调查数据为依据, 研究了大莲湖示范区水系水环境现状以及地表径流污染情况. 结果表明, 金泽水源地水质大部分能够满足地表水Ⅲ类水标准, 但部分指标存在季节性差异, 使得金泽水源地水质总体上不能稳定达标. 大莲湖示范区周围水体多为缓流水体(流速0 ~ 0.03 m/s), 透明度较低, 水体呈中性偏弱碱性(pH = 6.63 ~ 9.67), 易生成水华. 各个采样点氮磷营养盐污染较为严重, 且季节性差异明显, 春夏季水质较好(Ⅱ类—Ⅲ类)、秋冬部分水体在某些时间段呈现Ⅴ类水. 大莲湖示范区雨水径流浓度有明显的初期效应, 各下垫面氮磷的平均浓度远高于地表水Ⅴ类标准, 污染较为严重.
关键词: 太湖流域; 金泽水库; 饮用水源地; 水环境污染; 面源污染
中图分类号: X52 文献标志码: A DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2021.04.008
Investigation of the environmental status of water at the Dalian Lake demonstration area in the Jinze water source area of Taipu River
ZHA Yang1,2,3,4, WANG Difang1,2,4, CAO Chengjin1,2,3,4, HUANG Minsheng1,2,3,4, WANG Xing5, YU Bowen1,2,3,4, LIU Chang1,2,3,4, DU Haochen1,2,3,4, LI Mengzhuo1,2,3,4
(1. Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; 2. Institute of EcoChongming, Shanghai 202162, China; 3. Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, Shanghai 200241, China; 4. Technology Innovation Center for Land Spatial EcoRestoration in Metropolitan Area (Ministry of Natural Resources), Shanghai 200062, China; 5. Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China)
Abstract: In this paper, we use hydrology and water quality survey data around Dalian Lake to assess the environmental status of the water and surface runoff pollution in the Dalian Lake demonstration area. The results show that the water quality of the Jinze water source can largely satisfy class Ⅲ standards for surface water; however, given seasonal differences for some indicators, the water quality of the Jinze water source fails to meet the standard on a consistent basis. The water body surrounding the Dalian Lake demonstration area is predominantly slow flow (flow rate: 0 - 0.03 m/s), with low transparency and neutral or slightly alkaline water (pH = 6.63 - 9.67); these conditions render the area susceptible to forming water bloom. Pollution from nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients at each sampling point was significant, and seasonal differences were noticeable; the water quality in spring and summer is generally better (classⅡ—Ⅲ), and some water bodies meet class Ⅴ standards in autumn and winter. The concentration of rainwater runoff in the Dalian Lake demonstration area has a noticeable initial effect. The average concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in the underlying water is higher than the class Ⅴ standard for surface water, and the pollution is likewise more significant. [ 8 ]沈根祥, 王振旗, 钱晓雍, 等. 上海大莲湖区域农业面源污染特征研究 [J]. 上海农业学报, 2010, 26(1): 55-59.
[ 9 ]YANG G, BO Z, YU G, et al. Coupled effects of biogeochemical and hydrological processes on C, N, and P export during extreme rainfall events in a purple soil watershed in southwestern China [J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2014, 511(511): 692-702.
[10]金相灿. 中国湖泊水库环境调查研究: 1980—1985 [M]. 北京: 中国环境科学出版社, 1990.
[11]戴秀丽, 许燕娟, 承燕萍. 中国地表水环境质量标准监测体系现状研究及完善建议 [J]. 环境科学与管理, 2014, 39(12): 7-10.
[12]RENDINA F, BOUCHET P J, APPOLLONI L, et al. Physiological response of the coralline alga Corallina officinalis L. to both predicted long-term increases in temperature and short-term heatwave events [J]. Marine Environmental Research, 2019, 150: 104764-104778.
[13]HE W, LUO J, XING L, et al. Effects of temperature-control curtain on algae biomass and dissolved oxygen in a large stratified reservoir: Sanbanxi Reservoir case study [J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2019, 248: 109250-109258.
[14]羅宜富, 李磊, 李秋华, 等. 阿哈水库叶绿素a时空分布特征及其与藻类、环境因子的关系 [J]. 环境科学, 2017, 38(10): 167-175.
[15]张洁, 杨娟. 三峡库区汛期浮游藻类与水质特征研究 [J]. 生态科学, 2017, 36(1): 55-63.
[16]朱浩, 张拥军, 裴恩乐, 等. 大莲湖生态修复工程对浮游植物群落结构的影响 [J]. 环境工程学报, 2011, 5(10): 2391-2395.
[17]毕军鹏, 程军蕊, 王侃. 城市低影响开发对雨水径流氮污染物的控制效应—以宁波海绵城市试点区域为例 [J]. 宁波大学学报(理工版), 2020, 33(6): 70-78.
[18]崔超, 刘申, 翟丽梅, 等. 兴山县香溪河流域农业源氮磷排放估算及时空特征分析 [J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2015, 34(5): 937-946.
[19]LI S, WANG X, QIAO B, et al. First flush characteristics of rainfall runoff from a paddy field in the Taihu Lake watershed, China [J]. Environmental Science & Pollution Research, 2017, 24(9): 1-16.
(责任编辑: 张 晶)
关键词: 太湖流域; 金泽水库; 饮用水源地; 水环境污染; 面源污染
中图分类号: X52 文献标志码: A DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2021.04.008
Investigation of the environmental status of water at the Dalian Lake demonstration area in the Jinze water source area of Taipu River
ZHA Yang1,2,3,4, WANG Difang1,2,4, CAO Chengjin1,2,3,4, HUANG Minsheng1,2,3,4, WANG Xing5, YU Bowen1,2,3,4, LIU Chang1,2,3,4, DU Haochen1,2,3,4, LI Mengzhuo1,2,3,4
(1. Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; 2. Institute of EcoChongming, Shanghai 202162, China; 3. Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, Shanghai 200241, China; 4. Technology Innovation Center for Land Spatial EcoRestoration in Metropolitan Area (Ministry of Natural Resources), Shanghai 200062, China; 5. Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China)
Abstract: In this paper, we use hydrology and water quality survey data around Dalian Lake to assess the environmental status of the water and surface runoff pollution in the Dalian Lake demonstration area. The results show that the water quality of the Jinze water source can largely satisfy class Ⅲ standards for surface water; however, given seasonal differences for some indicators, the water quality of the Jinze water source fails to meet the standard on a consistent basis. The water body surrounding the Dalian Lake demonstration area is predominantly slow flow (flow rate: 0 - 0.03 m/s), with low transparency and neutral or slightly alkaline water (pH = 6.63 - 9.67); these conditions render the area susceptible to forming water bloom. Pollution from nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients at each sampling point was significant, and seasonal differences were noticeable; the water quality in spring and summer is generally better (classⅡ—Ⅲ), and some water bodies meet class Ⅴ standards in autumn and winter. The concentration of rainwater runoff in the Dalian Lake demonstration area has a noticeable initial effect. The average concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in the underlying water is higher than the class Ⅴ standard for surface water, and the pollution is likewise more significant. [ 8 ]沈根祥, 王振旗, 钱晓雍, 等. 上海大莲湖区域农业面源污染特征研究 [J]. 上海农业学报, 2010, 26(1): 55-59.
[ 9 ]YANG G, BO Z, YU G, et al. Coupled effects of biogeochemical and hydrological processes on C, N, and P export during extreme rainfall events in a purple soil watershed in southwestern China [J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2014, 511(511): 692-702.
[10]金相灿. 中国湖泊水库环境调查研究: 1980—1985 [M]. 北京: 中国环境科学出版社, 1990.
[11]戴秀丽, 许燕娟, 承燕萍. 中国地表水环境质量标准监测体系现状研究及完善建议 [J]. 环境科学与管理, 2014, 39(12): 7-10.
[12]RENDINA F, BOUCHET P J, APPOLLONI L, et al. Physiological response of the coralline alga Corallina officinalis L. to both predicted long-term increases in temperature and short-term heatwave events [J]. Marine Environmental Research, 2019, 150: 104764-104778.
[13]HE W, LUO J, XING L, et al. Effects of temperature-control curtain on algae biomass and dissolved oxygen in a large stratified reservoir: Sanbanxi Reservoir case study [J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2019, 248: 109250-109258.
[14]羅宜富, 李磊, 李秋华, 等. 阿哈水库叶绿素a时空分布特征及其与藻类、环境因子的关系 [J]. 环境科学, 2017, 38(10): 167-175.
[15]张洁, 杨娟. 三峡库区汛期浮游藻类与水质特征研究 [J]. 生态科学, 2017, 36(1): 55-63.
[16]朱浩, 张拥军, 裴恩乐, 等. 大莲湖生态修复工程对浮游植物群落结构的影响 [J]. 环境工程学报, 2011, 5(10): 2391-2395.
[17]毕军鹏, 程军蕊, 王侃. 城市低影响开发对雨水径流氮污染物的控制效应—以宁波海绵城市试点区域为例 [J]. 宁波大学学报(理工版), 2020, 33(6): 70-78.
[18]崔超, 刘申, 翟丽梅, 等. 兴山县香溪河流域农业源氮磷排放估算及时空特征分析 [J]. 农业环境科学学报, 2015, 34(5): 937-946.
[19]LI S, WANG X, QIAO B, et al. First flush characteristics of rainfall runoff from a paddy field in the Taihu Lake watershed, China [J]. Environmental Science & Pollution Research, 2017, 24(9): 1-16.
(责任编辑: 张 晶)