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鸦片战争后,清政府的对外政策由闭关锁国到被迫开放。十九世纪中叶,罗马教区将海南教区交给巴黎外方传教会,传教士重新来到海南岛。对传教士,有学者对其在中国的评价不高,甚至将外国传教士、外国商品和鸦片视为其宗主国侵略的别动队。对此,笔者认为,固然有部分传教士充当了宗主国侵琼的工具,但也有许多传教士在海南的活动不容忽视——有救死扶伤、行医治病、海南基督教传播第一人冶基善,也有探访黎区,留下了宝贵的《海南纪行》[1]的香便文,还有设立医院、兴办学校留下《棕榈之岛——清末民国美国传教士看海南》[2]的美国基督教长老会团。总之,传教士在海南的活动及影响不可忽视。
After the Opium War, the Qing government’s foreign policy was shut down and was forced to open. In the mid-nineteenth century, the Roman diocese handed over the diocese of Hainan to the foreign mission of Paris and the missionaries returned to Hainan Island. To missionaries, some scholars did not rate their assessment in China and even regarded foreign missionaries, foreign merchandise and opium as the aggression forces of their sovereign nation. In this regard, I believe that while some missionaries act as a tool for the invasion of Qiong by the sovereign state, there are also many missionaries whose activities in Hainan can not be ignored - there are life-saving and medical treatment diseases, the first person in Hainan to spread Christianity, Visiting Liqu, leaving behind the valuable “Hailin Jixing” [1] notes of incense, as well as setting up a hospital and setting up a school to leave behind “American Palmistas - American missionaries in Hainan during the late Qing and Republican China” [2] Presbyterian delegation. In short, the activities and influence of missionaries in Hainan can not be ignored.