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在诊断伤寒时血清学价值较小,有时可有帮助,但有时可以使诊断混淆。通常所用肥达氏反应是用沙门氏菌伤寒和副伤寒A、B细菌悬液,处理仅保留菌体抗原“0”和鞭毛抗原“H”的凝集反应法,用以检出病人血清中相应抗体。急性伤寒患者早期血清学反应是“0”抗体滴度升高。“H”抗体比“0”抗体升高缓慢且持续时间长。在患病第一周末两种抗体的任何一种可升高到1:160。相隔4～5天双份血清可供给可靠资料,如为急性期显示明显升高。
Serological value in the diagnosis of typhoid is small, sometimes helpful, but sometimes can make the diagnosis confused. The commonly used Widal reaction is the agglutination reaction method which uses Salmonella typhimurium and Paratyphoid A and B bacterial suspension to deal with the only remaining bacterial antigen “0” and the flagellar antigen “H” to detect the corresponding antibody in the patient’s serum. Early serological response in patients with acute typhoid fever is a “0” antibody titer increase. The “H” antibody is slower and lasts longer than the “0” antibody. Any one of the two antibodies can rise to 1: 160 at the end of the first week of illness. Separated 4 to 5 days double serum can provide reliable information, such as the acute phase showed a significant increase.