论文部分内容阅读
滨河湿地的发育与退化过程受河流水文过程的显著影响.以黄河湿地国家自然保护区孟津湿地为研究对象,通过滨河湿地地下水位变化(特别是小浪底水库调水调沙期间)野外定位观测,深入分析了滨河湿地地下水水位与洪水的响应关系.结果表明,滨河湿地地下水位受河水水位影响显著,地下水位的波动幅度与河岸距离之间存在明显的负指数关系,调水期内这种关系的相关性达到最大(R2>0.98).受滩区耕作制度、河道与监测井位垂直距离、河水水位变化的多重影响,滨河湿地地下水位年际变化差别较大.距离河道较远的人工湿地趋势呈“宀”形,距离河道较近农耕旱地的井位则呈现“尖顶”型.距离河道400 m左右的区域内水位受洪水影响明显,距离河道200 m以内区域水位受洪水影响显著,尤其是距离河道100 m的区域变化强烈,表明其水力联系非常密切,为典型的滩区地下水-河流的水文交错带.该区域的合理保护(100 m以内为极重要区,100～200 m为重要区)对于保护河流水质和地下水水质十分重要.
The development and degradation process of riverside wetlands are significantly affected by the river hydrological process. Taking Mengjin wetland of the Yellow River Wetland National Nature Reserve as the research object, through the field observation of the groundwater level changes (especially during Xiaodangdi Reservoir water and sediment regulation) The relationship between groundwater level and flood in Binhe wetland was analyzed.The results showed that the groundwater level in Binhe wetland was significantly affected by river water level and there was a significant negative exponential relationship between the fluctuation range of groundwater level and riverbank distance, (R2> 0.98) .Due to the tillage system in the beach area, the vertical distance between the river channel and monitoring well and the change of river water level, the interannual variation of groundwater level in riverside wetlands is quite different. The trends of artificial wetlands farther away from river courses The water level in the area about 400 m away from the river is obviously affected by the flood and the water level within the area within 200 m from the river is affected by the flood Significantly, in particular, the area at 100 m from the channel changed strongly, indicating a very close hydraulic connection to the typical beach area groundwater - the river Interlocked hydrological reasonable protection in the region (limited to 100 m for the very important area, 100 ~ 200 m as an important region), and river water quality to protect groundwater quality is very important.