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目的:建立子宫肌瘤大鼠模型并比较两种模型制备方法的优劣。方法:27只SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组、全程联用组、后期加入孕激素组。正常对照组:每周3次仅肌注生理盐水,持续12周。全程联用组:全程每周3次肌注苯甲酸雌二醇0.05m L,及每周1次肌注黄体酮0.05 m L,连续12周进行造模。后期加入孕激素组:开始每周3次仅肌注苯甲酸雌二醇0.05 m L,连续8周,从第9周起每周1次加注黄体酮0.05 m L,连续4周,整个造模过程持续12周。观察大鼠子宫形态,检测血清雌激素受体(ER)和孕激素受体(PR)水平及大鼠子宫ER、PR的表达。结果:正常对照组大鼠子宫质地均匀,未见结节或囊肿,后期加入孕激素组和全程联用组2个模型组大鼠解剖时可见子宫形态改变、增生,个别子宫角可见肿块。正常组大鼠子宫平滑肌肌层较薄,平滑肌细胞细长,排列整齐。后期加入孕激素组、全程联用组大鼠子宫平滑肌呈不同程度的增生,平滑肌细胞排列紊乱,肌纤维排列疏松,肌纤维或较长或粗短,肌纤维束之间有或多或少的结缔组织纤维。与正常对照组比较,后期加入孕激素组、全程联用组大鼠血清雌激素受体(ER)与孕激素受体(PR)水平均明显升高,子宫ER和PR的阳性表达率明显较高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:两种方法均能成功制备子宫肌瘤大鼠模型,其中全程联用法较优。
Objective: To establish a rat model of uterine fibroids and compare the advantages and disadvantages of the two methods. Methods: Twenty-seven SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group, full-treatment group and progesterone group. Normal control group: intramuscular saline only 3 times a week for 12 weeks. Full use of the group: 3 times a week intramuscular injection of estradiol benzoate 0.05m L, and weekly intramuscular injection of progesterone 0.05m L, continuous 12 weeks modeling. In the later period, the progestin group was started. Only 3 times a week, estradiol benzoate 0.05 m L was intramuscularly injected for 8 weeks. From the 9th week, progesterone 0.05 m L was added once a week for 4 weeks. The mold process lasts for 12 weeks. The morphology of rat uterus was observed. The levels of serum estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) and the expression of ER and PR in rat uterus were measured. Results: The uterus in normal control group had uniform texture with no nodules or cysts. The progesterone group and the whole combined group were added with 2 models at the end of the experiment. Morphological changes, hyperplasia and mass in individual uterine horns were observed. The normal group rats uterine smooth muscle thinner, smooth muscle cells slender, arranged neatly. In the later period, the uterine smooth muscle of the rats in the combined treatment group showed different degrees of hyperplasia, the smooth muscle cells were arranged disorderly, the muscle fiber arranged loosely, the muscle fiber was longer or stubby, the muscle fiber bundles had more or less connective tissue fibers . Compared with the normal control group, the levels of serum estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) were significantly increased in the progesterone group and the combination group at the later stage, and the positive rates of ER and PR in the uterus were significantly higher than those in the normal control group High, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusion: Both methods can successfully prepare rat model of uterine fibroids, of which the whole method is better.