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本文从分析近年来我国部分地区发生的一些大暴雨和特大暴雨洪水资料入手,在纳希(J.E.Nash)瞬时单位线模式基础上,提出了一种由实测资料推求一次洪水中不同时段净雨强度条件下相应不同单位线分析方法.通过对25个小流域站176次洪水的分析计算,获得了天然小流域单位线滞时与净雨强度和单位线峰与量非线性关系的初步成果.文中指出各流域单位线对净雨强度的非线性反应,在其各自的临界雨强范围内都很明显,而超出其临界雨强以上不很明显或趋于线性;这个临界雨强大致在40～50毫米/小时之间;同时,本文还给出了淮河山区小流域非线性指数的初步综合成果.这些对解决单位线的推求、变化和外延问题可能有一定参考价值. 这种分析方法,仍属于经验性的近似分析方法,因而在此基础上所获得的某些看法尚受基本资料处理的精度、单位线线型等影响.
Based on the JENash instantaneous unit-line model, this paper starts with the analysis of some heavy rainstorms and floods in some parts of China in recent years. Based on the JENash instantaneous unit-line model, this paper proposes a method to deduce the net rainfall intensity The corresponding unit line different corresponding analytical methods.According to the analysis and calculation of 176 floods in 25 small watersheds, the preliminary results of the relationship between unit line delay and net rainfall intensity and the nonlinearity of unit line peak and quantity in natural small watershed are obtained.The article points out The non-linear response of net unit intensity to net rainfall intensities in all watersheds is obvious in the range of their respective critical rainfall intensity, while it is not obvious or tends to be linear above their critical rainfall intensity. The critical rain intensity is about 40-50 Mm / h at the same time, the paper also gives a preliminary comprehensive result of the non-linear index of small watershed in the Huaihe River Basin, which may have some reference value to solve the unit line’s demand, change and extension problems.This method of analysis still belongs to Empirical analysis of the approximate method, and thus based on some of the views obtained are still subject to the accuracy of the basic information processing, unit line type and other effects.